CAYUGA NURSERIES. 
Established by John Morse, in 1847. 
INTRODUCTORY. 
After many years of hard work and careful observation, we 
of so many s/iori lived, sickly and unfruitful trees are, — 1st, A 
forced growth in the early life of the plant, and 2d, the indiscrim- 
inate cutting of scions and buds from the young trees in the nur- 
sery row without any knowledge of their constitutional vigor or 
fruiting qualities. 
Propagating from trees of k^iown fruitful habits and Co7istitu- 
tional Vigor. This cannot be practiced altogether, 
but in many cases I follow this practice of cutting my buds from 
fruiting trees on my own grounds, and sometimes going many 
miles from home to secure buds from certain strains which have 
shown early fruitifis; habits. This is what I mean by well Guarded 
Parentage, called by some "tree breeding." By this process 
we are more likely to get strong Constitutional qualities, and 
trees of early fruiting habits. The form and comeliness of a 
tree are good points, but should not be gained at the expense of 
destroying its constitution by too much nitrogen to push its 
growth. A tree or plant may be ruined by forcing its growth in 
early life. 
A Tree of weak constitution, from any cause whatever, is much 
more subject to attack from insect pests than a tree con- 
stitutionally strong. 
There is nothing that will so shock a tree as to stimulate it to 
an unnatural, forced growth up to the time of 
transplanting, and then remove it to a soil, the fertility of which 
is much weaker, causing the tree or plant to practically stand still 
a year or more, by which it receives a shock from which it is dif- 
ficaU to recover. 
After Transplanting to the orchard where the tree is to remain, 
we advise fertilizers of such a character as 
the soil and tree may require, and applied at such times as not to 
produce growth late in the season, as the wood should be well 
ripened and hardened before going into winter. 
Our stocks, upon which our different varieties are worked, are 
« selected with the greatest care, looking to the hardi- 
ness and longevity of the tree. 
have come to believe that two chief causes 
