48 VAUGHAN : THE KXOLL REGION OF CLITHEROE, ETC. 
on the seaward side of — the standard" and shallow-water deposits 
(dolomite, oolite, etc.) 
There is in fact only one fundamental character of Knoll deposits 
which Mr. Tiddeman failed to record, yiz. : — 
The Knoll phase is marked by a definite assemblage of long-lived 
forms, by which it can at once be detected ; indeed, so insistent is 
the faunal evidence of conditions that, without careful work, the 
evidence of age and province can easily be overlooked. It is sufficient 
to set side by side a random collection of Brachiopods from the Pimlico, 
Salt-Hill and Cracoe Knolls — i.e. from knoll deposits of three distinct 
ages, CI, S and D2 — to appreciate the existence of a " knoll facies." 
The demonstration of such a facies disproves the possible dependence 
of knoll structure upon subsequent crust movement as has been 
suggested. 
Second Theory. — The distinctness of the deposits North and 
South of the Fault-belt and the deduction that deposition and faulting 
w'ere synchronous. 
The two fundamental facts upon which Mr. Tiddeman bases this 
statement are : — 
(i) The much greater thickness of deposit, during any selected 
interval, on the South side of the Faults (i.e., in the Knoll Region) 
than on the North side (i.e. in the Yoredale Region.) 
(ii) The absence of the knoll facies to tlie North of the Craven 
Faults. 
In proof of (i.), Mr. Tiddeman sets out the following correlation : — 
* i.e., encrinital limestones and shales with Brachiopods — in this 
connection, see E. E. L. Dixon in ' (;lowcr ' paper, Q.J.G.S., vol. 67 
(1911), pp. 332 et seqq., from which I have freely borrowed. 
North of Fault-belt. 
South of Fault-belt. 
(Yoredale Region of Ingleboro'). 
(Knoll Region of Clitheroe). 
