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APPENDIX D. . r 
AGRICULTURE. 
Paper by Mr. Smith. Feb. 1831. 
Grass cannot be prudently stored either for Summer or Auttimn 
use : for the Farmer who does not eat his grass in Summer as fast as 
it grows, loses much of what the land would produce ; and he that 
leaves it late on the ground for Autumn use, in what is called " fogg," 
wastes much thereof, and makes his grass-land course. Therefore, he 
that would farm grass-land to the greatest advantage, must either keep 
it through the Winter, or lay in as much stock as will eat down all 
the Summer grass on his pastures, as fast as it grows ; and also as much 
cattle as will well eat down m the Autumn all the after-grass on the 
land that he mow^s. This is the only way to keep grass-land fine, and 
in good condition, and free from moss, weeds, and bad grasses ; but 
many may think this would be going too itear the wind, and that their 
stock would be liable to suffer from shortness of grass in dry seasons. 
It may be so where the Farmer has none but grass-land, but this ought 
not to be the case upon any Farmer, for on no account, whatever, 
should the provision for these casualties be sought for in grass-land. 
The casualties of a dry Summer, and of occasional wants of keep, 
should be provided for in that part of the Farm which is cultivated, 
where such crops as Tares, Rye, &c., can be gotten up high enough to 
cover the ground before dry weather commences, and thus insure their 
growth. It is well known that winter Tares & Rye, sown early 
enough, can be cut and served out to Stock to the greatest advantage 
in the dryest Summer ; and at all times they make the best of all 
provisions for the latter part of Spring, or the beginning of Summer, 
when Faimers are in more danger of injuring their grass-land by 
hard and too early stocking, than at any other time of the year. These 
and every other kind of early crop, which can be cut green, or in case 
of excess, for that purpose may be cut for Hay, or ripened for seed, 
should be grown in sufi&cient quantity upon every Farm. In this way 
the casualties of a dry Summer, & the wants of the latter part of 
Spring, may be certainly and profitably provided after Swedish Tur- 
nips, Carrots, and other roots are consumed. These two. kinds of food 
for Stock, namely, the late roots, and early green crops, should ever be 
objects of the highest importance to a Farmer who endeavours to keep 
as much Stock as possible ; for Farmers in general admit that they could 
