328 
IN MEMORIAM — JOHN WESLEY JUDD 
Meanwhile, he had joined the Education Department under Matthew 
Arnold as an Inspector of Schools ; but Jurassic rocks again attracted 
him, and the friendship of Lyell and Scrope enabled him to undertake 
considerable researches in the west of Scotland and on the Continent. 
Plis papers on " The Secondary Eocks of Scotland " {Quarterly Journal 
Geological Society, vol. XXIX., p. 97 : vol. XXX., p. 220, apd vol. 
XXXIV., p. 660) published between 187-3 and 1878, not only proved 
the existence of Cretaceous strata in the Mull district, but gave renewed 
interest to MacC'jlloch's work among the igneous rocks of the Inner 
Hebrides. Though, like MacCulloch, he failed to realise the evidence 
that the granitic series of this area is intrusive in the certral gabbros, 
the actual succession of these rocks is of small importance compared 
with his exposition of their Cainozoic age and his recognition of the 
sites of huge volcanoes comparable in extent to Etna. Crystalline 
igneous rocks were at that time regarded by Continental authors as ot 
necessity older than the Eocene period — an obsession that infected 
France from Germany, and spread, under the influence of Rosenbusch's 
pupils, even to the United States. Judd's persistent advocacy of the 
application of Lyellian p-^inciples to the study of volcanoes saved 
British petrology from the literaiy confusion induced by these academic 
aberrations. His services to science in this respect may be com- 
pared with those rendered by Hutton, Playfair and von Buch in the 
eighteenth century when they broke the tyranny of the AYernerian 
domination . 
Jadd's appointment, in 1876, to the Professorship of Geology in 
the Royal School of Mines marks the beginning of a new epoch in the 
teaching of the subjpct. For the first time in the history of the institu- 
tion, students were given access to collections of specimens which they 
were encouraged to handle for themselves. The work of Sorby, whom 
Judd had met in Sheffield, bore fruit in organised courses in which the 
microscope played an important part. Those who, like the present 
writer, attended the lectures at Jermyn Street in 1876. and who found 
that Judd's descriptions of natural processes were also lessens in the 
" humanities," were led to take every opportunity of viewing earth- 
features in the field. After a trial course with a limited number of 
students in 1877, regular laboratory instruction in geology was or- 
ganised in the new buildings at South Kensington in the autumn of 
1878, and the example thus set was followed by Cambridge, and 
subsequently by all the Universities in our islands. 
