Vol. XIV.] ' [Part II. 
PROCEEDINGS 
OF THE 
YORKSHIRE 
GEOLOGICAL AND POLYTECHNIC SOCIETY. 
Edited by W. LOWER CARTER, M.A., F.G.S., 
AND WILLIAM CASH, F.G.S. 
IQOl. 
INGLEBOROUGH. 
PART I. PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. 
BY T. MCKENNY HUGHES, M.A., F.R.S., F.G.S., WOODWARDIAN PROFESSOR 
OF GEOLOGY AT THE UNIVERSITY OP CAMBRIDGE. 
In most studies there are two simple ways of giving a student 
an idea of the methods and leading facts. One is by explaining 
the principles and stating the results of observation in some 
definite order, generally with a view to establishing positions from 
each of which the advance to the next is most easily effected. 
The other method is to take some limited portion of the subject, 
some concrete example, some complex object, and describe it fully, 
offering such explanations of each difficulty as may be possible 
without much previous knowledge. This latter method is some- 
times employed in teaching language by attempting first the in- 
terpretation of selected passages instead of beginning with the 
rudiments of grammar, or in Science by the description of some 
representative form. It is always usefully employed in the case 
of those who have some preliminary knowledge of the elements 
of the subject. 
