MONCKMAN : THE GLACIAL GEOLOGY OF BRADFORD. 155 
carted on to the land for farming purposes, but were probably 
from the clay. Many other specimens were found higher up 
the hill side, but I could not be sure that they were from the 
clay. This is not so satisfactory as one could wish it to be. 
Since that time, Mr. W. E. Holloway led the Bradford Scientific 
Association over Cowling District, and pointed out a deposit of 
clay with limestone at the head of Lumb Clough (1,000 feet above 
sea level), and on the same day the Rev. J. N. Lee showed us 
an immense deposit in the valley below the village. 
More recently, Mr. H. B. Muff has published his researches 
on the Upper Aire Valley, and he traces a lateral moraine down 
the south side until it arrives at Denholme, then turns north 
along the. watershed and through the gap at Chellow Dean. 
(See paper at the British Association, Bradford.) 
Later still, Mr. E. E. Gregory and I, in examining the lake 
deposits at Leventhorpe, have found evidence to show that prior 
to the formation of the lake the whole district was covered with 
ice, and that it came down Bell Dean. 
Underlying the gravels there is a bed of very stiff blue 
boulder clay exposed in the bed of Pitty Beck, about 100 yards 
below the Thornton Koad bridge; also a deposit of clay with 
boulders on the side of the hill (600 feet above sea level) and 
200 yards below Pitty Bridge. Here we found one specimen 
polished and scratched, the strife running E. and W. or in a line 
with the valley. On both sides of the footbridge, over which 
the patli from School Green to Clayton crosses the Thornton 
Beck, we found several limestones (both dark and light), a con- 
siderable quantity of gannister, and some very rough grits, some 
of which contained large quartz pebbles; and in the gravel pit 
near Thornton Road limestone and chert (rounded and angular) 
evidently derived from pre-existing glacial drift higher up Bell 
Dean. 
More information is required before a full explanation of 
the Bradford deposits can be attempted, and the Sub-Committee 
formed for the purpose will be glad of any aid that can be 
given to them. 
