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NOTES ON THE GEOLOGY OF CLITIIEROE AND PENDLE HILL. 
BY R. H. TIDDEMAN, M.A., F.G.S., OF H.M. GEOLOGICAL SURYEY. 
[Prepared for the General Meeting and Field Excursion at Clitheroe, 
May Ibth and 26th, 1900.) 
The Geological Bibliography of this district is not extensive. 
Parts are alluded to in Phillips's "Geology of Yorkshire." More 
information is given in the " Geological Survey Memoirs, Burnley 
Coalfield," 1875. The Glaoiation of the district was treated of 
in Quart. Jour. Geol. Soc., 1872, "On the Evidence for the Ice 
Sheet in Lancashire, Yorkshire, and Westmorland," by the writer 
of these notes. The Geology is contained in "Geological Survey, 
One-Inch, Sheet 92, S.W." (New Series, Sheet 68). This may 
be had coloured for solid rocks only, or with the overlying Drift, 
the former giving a much better idea of the arrangement of the 
rocks than the latter. A section across Pendle is shown in 
" Horizontal Sections, Sheet 86." The Sections of the Carboni- 
ferous Series from the Kibble at Clitheroe to the top of Pendle 
give, on the whole, a very good idea of the type of rocks which 
prevails in the area south of the Craven Faults, and indeed 
spreads at least as far as Derbyshire. 
Clitheroe abounds in limestone hills, and is much quarried, 
and we get there two groups : — 
(a.) The Black Limestones, very well bedded, dark, and 
bituminous, showing an exceedingly regular strike and 
crop ; and above them 
(b.) The White Limestones of Salt Hill, Worsa, Gerna, which 
form rather protuberances, swelling mounds of less distinct 
bedding, but crammed with well-preserved fossils. These 
"knolls" are regarded by the writer as owing their form 
to the original growth of deposition ; but Mr. J. E. Marr, 
F.R.S., attributes not their form only, but the crystalline 
