436 HIND : CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS OF THE PENNINE SYSTEM. 
out numerous fossils. This water has evidently pierced a limestone 
by a swallow, and is thrown out by a fossiliferous bed of shale which 
underlies it. The passage of the subterranean stream over the fossil 
bed washes out numerous fossils, amongst which are — 
Orthis M ichelini. 
Spirifera trigonalis. 
Athyris planosulcata. 
Orth otetes creni stria, 
Zaphrentis sp. 
Platycrinus sp. 
Scaphiocrinus sp. 
The fauna in this bed is, therefore, totally different from that 
characteristic of the Pendleside series, and demonstrates that the 
beds have some relation to the Yoredale series of Wensleydale. 
An interesting section is seen in the brook east of Scaliber Force, 
commencing where the road to Kirkby Malham crosses the stream 
by a culvert : — 
Sandstone with a curiously mammillated under surface, 
3 feet. 
Sandy shales, 9 feet. 
Hard quartzose sandstone, 3 feet. 
Black shales with bullions, 20 to 30 feet. 
A fault passes across the shales, and where the shales are contorted 
several masses of limestone occur with large corals, Produdus giganteus, 
Spirifera trigonalis, Athyris planosulcata, and crinoids. Below the 
disturbed shales, the stream section shows more shales dipping 
regularly and not contorted. It is very doubtful indeed if these 
fossils are in situ, but the masses of limestone seem to me to have 
been dragged in along the fault and crumpled up, as the seam of 
limestone is not apparent anywhere else in the stream section. 
Negative evidence is important at this spot. Nowhere is there to be 
seen between the Millstone Grit and the top of the Carboniferous Lime- 
stone any beds corresponding to the Yoredale series of Wensleydale. 
The western boundary of the Yoredale phase of Rocks is fairly well 
marked, the great splitting up of the main mass of limestone does 
not seem to take place west of a north and south line passing through 
