60 
LAMPLUGir : GLACIATION IN VANCOUVER ISLAND. 
ferruginous nodules ; and in another place, in one of the recesses on the 
west side of Victoria Harbour, I noticed a mass of crystalline limestone. 
The deposit which covers the rock is usually a ver}' hai-d sandy 
till, full of stones of small size, with a few large boulders ; this is 
often tightly jammed into very narrow crevices in the rock. Where 
this till is of any thickness it often admits streaks of sand and 
gravel ; and in some places these become so well developed as to 
form a lower division of the drift, though in the sections near Victoria 
the line of separation is not very clear (see Fig. 8). In a well 
which was being dug- within the city limits on the Oak Bay Road, 
I noticed that the workmen were throwing out a fine tough grey 
clay without stones or other admixture from a depth of 18 feet ; 
above, there was till of the usual cliaracter. 
In some of these beds marine shells have been found.* 1 came 
across them near the middle of Shoal Bsij, whei-e they occur in 
abundance in clayey streaks amongst hard sandy till ; and also in 
the excavation for the Government Dock at Esquimault three miles 
west of Victoria, where the shelly beds have been cut through. I 
availed myself of this latter opportunity to study these marine beds 
and collect their contents, on which I hope to make a separate 
communication. It seemed very curious to find delicate bivalves 
with valv^es united in beds of boulder clay immediately overlying 
rock surfaces which showed the application of enormous pressure ; 
and I found it very difiScult to believe that this boulder clay was the 
instrument by which the ice ground and polished the rocks, or — in 
other words — was its moraine profomJe. 
Glaciated Rochs, — As it is very doubtful whether I could raise a 
clear idea of the character of these glaciated rocks by means of 
words in anyone who has not seen them, or something resembling 
them, I have tried to do so by sketches reproduced from those 
taken on the spot ; but as I am a poor draughtsman, I fear my 
attempt has not been very successful. 
One of the most noteworthy features is the way in which 
vertical walls of rock have been striated and fluted apparently quite 
as severely as horizontal surfaces. Of this I have endeavoured to 
* Supra, fit. p. 9" ; no locality mentioned. 
