64 
LAMPLUGH: GLACIATION IN VANCOUVER ISLAND. 
more than deepen and widen. I first came to think in this way by 
seeing- that although the north side of the hills and hillocks showed 
such thoroughly glaciated surfaces that in looking at them one 
would imagine glacial denudation to have taken place on a very 
large scale, yet the southern faces if steep, were rugged and broken, 
and seemed to have suffered nothing from ice (this may be seen on 
a small scale on PL IX. and Fig. 9), whereas if any considerable mass 
<jf rock had been removed, the whole outline of the surface would have 
been changed, and we should everywhere have seen the effects of 
glaciation. 
Fig 0. — Section along west side of excayation at the 'Outer Wharf,' Victoria 
(Sept. r2th 1884), showing ' lee-side' of glaciated rocks. 
Scale, 1 inch to 45 feet. 
A. — Hard, fine-grained, grey, felsite (?) with veins of close dark basalt (?) 
B. — Sandy till, with many small and a few large stones, hardened by pressure (?) 
and infiltration of iron from decaying vegetable soil into a rock-like mass in 
places, and sometimes jammed hard into small crevices of the rock ; has a 
flakey stratified appearance, especially towards the top, which may be due 
to its having been siDlit up by horizontal roots of trees and other vegetation. 
C. — Magnificently scored, poHshed, and deeply grooved rock-surfaces — strife 
running about paj-allel with section. 
D. D. — Steep ridges of rock facing south, which are rough, unpolished, and broken. 
Dr. Dawson had already noticed the same features, on which 
he remarks* — " With all this, however, there has been very little 
general wearing-down of the rock-surface of the country; all its 
" main features, and in many cases even the most minute, are clearly 
of preglacial origin." So that I have only followed in his foot- 
steps in giving my own observations on this point ; but it is a lesson 
which will bear repeating. 
He also says: ''This feature" (the rough southern faces) "is 
more marked tlian I have eisewher-e observed, and would seem to 
indicate, even allowing that glaciers do not very rapidly abrade 
solid rocks, that the ice did not long rasp over this portion of the 
* Suj^i'a ('it., p. Do. 
