118 COLE: PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE EAST RIDING. 
The point of junction between the Bunter Sandstone and the 
varieg-ated coloured marls of the Keuper lies somewhere about the 
longitude of Goole. A portion of the East-Riding* is therefore 
undoubtedly underlaid by the Bunter, but as this is covered 
throughout with a modern deposit of boulder clay, alluvium and 
recent warp to a depth of from 50 to 100ft. it may be passed over. 
The Keuper appears at the surface at Holme-on-Spaldin^ Moor ; 
in two low hills, at the base of the Wolds, between Kilnwick Percy 
and Burnby ; and in the becks about Bishop Wilton, Bugthorpe, and 
Lepping-ton. 
The Keuper marls run right up to Acklam Wood, and have 
been quarried for gypsum between Skirpenbeck and Scrayingham. 
The red and white mottled sands are very picturesque. This is the 
formation which in Cheshire contains rocksalt. It has not as yet 
been sought for in the East-Riding. 
The paper shales of the Rhaetic may be seen in the sides of the 
becks just above Bugthorpe, and at Acklam Wood, also at Howsham, 
and below Millington, but are not exposed to any extent on the 
surface. 
The lower beds of the Lias extend from Howsham to the 
Humber in an unbroken line of moderate width of from one to two 
miles. The largest exposures are between Westow and Garrowby. 
The district known as the Abbey lands, immediately south of Westow, 
consists of Lower Lias. Thence the beds extend from Howsham to 
Acklam, and westwards again to Leppington. Thence southwards 
they surround on three sides, first, Barthorpe Bottoms, and then 
Bugthorpe. From Garrowby Street to Market Weighton they form 
the sloping hill sides of the Wolds, and are traversed by many 
streams, issuing from the line of Red Chalk, which in several cases 
have cut back deep valleys in the western escarpment of the Chalk, 
as at Givendale, Millington and Warter, exposing the Lias in the 
bottom. South of Market Weighton the Lias leaves the Chalk 
range, and forms a prominent escarpment of its own, in the 
neighbourhood of North and South Cliff. It is here that the lowest 
beds of all, the A. 2)la,norb{s zone, can be better studied than in any 
other part of Yorkshire. 
