224 MORTIMER: HABITATION TERRACES OF THE EAST RIDING. 
cases they lie on the eastern flanks of the hills, where they obtain 
shelter from the blazing afternoon sun." And he adds: " On the 
terraces and flats are large quantities of flakes produced by the manu- 
facture of the implements, and implements in all states of completion." 
These artificial terraces are most probably imitations of natural 
ledges, such as are on the hill-sides in other parts. In the early ages 
man would select these natural platforms as secure and suitable places 
for his dwellings, and where nature had not placed them he would 
with his own hands supply their absence. They denote a very early 
state of culture, and probably were the first earthworks constructed 
by man in this neighbourhood. 
That man did occupy natural hill-side terraces in early times we 
have substantial evidence. During the summer of 1885, Mr. W. 
Horne, of Leyburn, discovered on a natural terrace on the limestone 
escarpment called " Leyburn Shawl," ancient interments, one of which 
was accompanied by a unique article of bone, which had probably 
served to secure a skin garment. He also found bones of the rein- 
deer and the red-deer, chipped flints, fragments of rude pottery, and 
numerous collected sandstone boulders, reddened and cracked by fire, 
which he believes to be pot-boilers. There is also a carefully con- 
structed cairn on this terrace, which Mr. Horne has already partially 
opened, aud intends completing it. Here we have evidence that in 
early times there was often but a step between the habitation of the 
living and the house of the dead. 
NOTES ON THE PALiEONTOLOGY OF THE WENLOCK SHALES OF SHROPSHIRE. 
(mR, maw's washings, 1880.) by GEORGE ROBERT VINE. 
In his presidential address to the Geological Society, Feb., 1881, 
Mr. Robert Etheridge gave a full s)aiopsis of the then known British 
Wenlock fauna. The number of genera and species that had been 
tabulated up to that time were, for 13 groups of fossils, 171 genera 
and 536 species. He also stated that 58 genera and 125 species 
