410 LAMPLrGH: MAMMALTFEROUS GRAVEL AT ELLOUGHTON. 
great, and would lie within a breadth of about 20 inches. It was in 
.a very friable state, and though I enclosed it in cement, it crumbled 
into small cubical fragments when an attempt was made to remove 
it, and nothing but this dt'ln-is remains. 
The only other fossils that I have so far had an opportunity to 
examine are a few fragmental teeth and limb-bones, which may 
all be referred to the mammoth, except one tooth belonging to a 
horse. The fauna of the pit, as known to me, is therefore as follows : — 
Eleplias primigeniiis. 
Eqiiiis. sp. 
I am informed however that other bones have been obtained and sent to 
Leeds and Hull, so that this list may yet be extended. Analogous 
deposits elsewhere in the Riding contain a larger fauna, and I should 
at least expect Rhinocero.<, Bos or Blsrm^ and Crrvns to occur in 
addition to those already found. I made careful search for shells, 
but could find none except those in a fossil condition washed out of 
the secondary rocks. 
In the absence of boulder-clay it is hazardous to attempt the 
correlation of this deposit with the Hessle or Kelsey Hill beds, but 
the presence of far-travelled stones in the gravels show that at any 
rate it cannot be preglacial, while its height above the present 
level of the H amber and the size of some of its boulders are 
evidences that it cannot have been much later than glacial times. 
The non-occurrence of marine shells suggests fluviatile conditions, 
and it is possible that the beds have accumulated in fresh water 
when the drainage of the Lower Humber was encumbered and the 
waters dammed back by ice. The sudden withdrawal of this icy 
barrier might explain the rather curious preservation of these 
incoherent gravels on the crest of an isolated hill with bare slopes, 
for under such conditions the hill might emerge as an island and the 
deposits on its summit be preserved while its slopes were undergoing 
torrential denudation . 
But there is no part of Yorkshire of whose topography during 
glacial times we know less than of the inner slope of the Wolds and 
the plain at its foot, denudation on the slopes and deposition on the 
low-ground having equally obscured the phenomena, and while so 
