440 CASH: FOSSIL FRUCTIFICATIONS OF YORKSHIRE COAL MEASURES 
a. Marine Beds with " Baum Pote," containing 
Goniatites, Nantilus, Orthoceras, Avicula- 
pecten, and occaeionally fossil wood. 
b. Hard Bed Coal, with " Coal of Balls," con- 
taining remains of plants. 
c. Ganister Rock and Seat Earth. 
Fig. 2, Enlarged section of the Hard Bed Coal. 
Mr. James Spencer, of Halifax, who has devoted many years of 
his life to the enthusiastic study of the lower coal measures and 
their fossils and added several new forms to our local fossil flora, 
has kindly placed at my disposal for publication a diagram and 
description of a typical section of the measures found in Beacon 
Hill, near Halifax. 
" The section of Beacon Hill on the East of Halifax, will give a 
good idea of the succession of the different beds composing this 
group. 
Crowning the hill there is the valuable sandstone rock known 
as the Elland flagstone which is extensively quarried all around the 
outcrop of the coalfield from Leeds, by Bradford to Halifax, and 
thence to Elland, Huddersfield and Penistone. Underlying the 
flag-rock in descending order, there are 120 feet of shale and rag, 
then the 80 yards band coal, which is only about 6 inches in thickness, 
then 100 feet of shales and rag, followed by the 48 yards band coal 
of about 10 inches in thickness, then 36 feet of shales, followed by 
the 36 yards band coal, having from 3 to 4 feet of seat earth under 
it, which forms one of the most valuable fire-clays in the neighbour- 
hood; then follow about 100 feet of shales gradually merging towards 
the base into fossiliferous m^arine strata, then come about 8 or 10 feet 
of shales highly charged with calcareous nodular concretions, locally 
known as baum pots, generally coated with pyrites, and containing 
