FORMATION OF THE SOCIETY : UNPUBLISHED RECORDS. 17 
ness between the seams varies. The dip of the coal too is irregular, 
without any dislocation in the strata being present. 
The direction of the Gleet varies at this Colliery from N 20 W 
to N 32 "W., and is not in the least affected by the dip, this is the 
fraction which is the guide to the workmen in driving their endings 
(headways) and boards, the former being driven parallel to it, and 
the latter at right angles. There is, however, another fraction which 
is not attended to in working the coal, and has not, I think, been 
much observed. It forms with the Cleet and horizontal parting a 
rhomboid or cube, as the case may be ; with us its course is from 
N 29 E to N 42 E. This is the result of a few trials, but I do 
not offer it as anything more than an approximation to the truth. 
The fraction of the remaining layers I have not ascertained. I find 
much difficulty in obtaining the angle, owing, I suppose, to the 
imperfect instruments used. There are 8 layers beginning at the 
top, the layer No. 1 is very bright and shining, and contains little 
earthy matter. No. 2 is rather more earthy, and contains bright 
undulating layers as shown above. No. 3 has a very dull aspect, and 
is more earthy than either No. 1 or 2. No. 4 is nearly similar to 
No. 2, but the bright streaks are less continuous and distinct. 
No. 5 and 7 are similar to No. 3, and so is No. 6 to No. 4. No. 8 
is very bright and shining, and unlike what lies above, produces 
brownish ashes when burnt. What effect may the quantity of earthy 
matter have on the fraction ? With respect to the water levels in 
two seams at the same place not being coincident with each other, I 
would observe that Mr. Baddle's opinions never coincide, and 
this was an argument made use of on a late occasion to show that a 
water level driven from a certain point in a lower seam, and which 
was to form the bedding of the coal worked in that seam could not 
also be the boundary in the upper seams, as the water levels in them 
would not lie perpendicularly above that in the lower one. Supposing 
the clays and sandstones which compose the coal measures to have 
been deposited at the bottom of a lake or sea from running water, it 
is natural to infer that the matter from which they were formed 
would accumulate to a greater extent in some situations than in 
others, and thus cause the difference in depth between any two 
c 
