WITH THE YORKSHIRE COAL-FIELD. 
113 
coal seam is considered to correspond with a coal seam in the Whit- 
wood borings. The railway after crossing the River Calder enters 
the excavation near Normanton, " which is one of considerable 
interest, because of the dislocations cut through and the alternation 
of bind and sandstone beds here exhibited. Sudden and unaccount- 
able changes from sandstone to shale, and vice versa, are often 
observed in sinkings near to each other ; but in this cutting the 
passage from one to the other is distinctly seen. In the first part of 
the excavation the strata 7^ise rapidly to the south until we reach the 
road leading from Normanton to Newland, where a fault occurs which 
reverses their position, causing them to dip to the south. In the 
northern portion of the cutting beds of bind predominate ; but these 
gradually disappear and are replaced by sandstone in the southern 
portion. Further on two dislocations are seen near to each other ; 
the first is a throw down to the south, the second a throw up." At 
the entrance of the Oakenshaw Cutting are three beds of coal rising 
rapidly to the southwards, supposed to be the Sliarlston Beds. These 
are succeeded by a bed of hard white sandstone of great value to the 
contractors in building bridges and stations. Within half a mile from 
the point where the line crosses the Wakefield and Pontefract turn- 
pike, a fault re-introduces the Sharlston Coals. The railway enters 
the Chevet Rock near Walton, the Chevet Tunnel being cut through 
the same rock, as are also the three cuttings at Cudworth. The 
Notton High Bridge Cutting exposes several faults and a Bed of 
Coal, three feet thick, supposed to be the Shafton Coal ; teeth and 
scales of fish were found in the roof of it. Darfield Tunnel is in the 
Chevet Rock, which is also worked in quarries near Darfield Station. 
The report on the further extension of the line was deferred. 
The Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway was also in progress, and 
Mr. Embleton and Mr. Holt, with the permission of the engineer, 
Mr. Gooch, visited and made drawings of the principal sections along 
the line. A month or two afterwards arrangements were made for 
the members of the Society to visit the line, and ten members availed 
themselves of the opportunity. A railway carriage and horse was 
placed at their disposal. 
The following letters are interesting, and illustrate the activity 
of some of the members in scientific work : — 
L 
