PROCEEDINGS. 1871—1877. 
357 
Jackson gave his assistance as superintendent. Mr. Jackson's previous 
work had been entirely inside the cave. It was now decided to 
remove the screes from the outside, which blocked up the aperture. 
On the surface was a mass 2 feet thick, of angular fragments, broken 
from the cliff above by the action of frost. This rested on a dark 
layer, composed of more or less fragments of burnt bone, burnt stones, 
which had formed fireplaces, fragments of pottery, and other objects. 
The dark layer was found to be continuous with the stratum from 
which Mr. Jackson had obtained his ornaments and implements 
inside the cave, and there could be no doubt fires had been kindled 
on the spot for the purpose of cooking food. Similar objects were 
found to those already accumulated by Mr. Jackson. Some of the 
bronze ornaments were beautifully enamelled in red, blue, yellow, and 
gTeen ; they were of graceful form, and were considered by Mr. Franks, 
of the British Museum, to be of Celtic workmanship. Others are of 
a more distinctly Roman type. The bones found strewn about indi- 
cate that the Celtic short-horn formed the staple animal food ; a 
variety of goat was also abundant, and a domestic breed of pigs fur- 
nished pork. The remains of roebuck and stag were rare, and there 
was evidence of the use of horse-flesh. Domestic fowl, wild duck, 
and gTOuse complete the list of the animals which can with certainty 
be affirmed to have been eaten by the cave-dwellers. Professor 
Dawkins is of opinion that the cave was used in the troublous times 
during which the Romans evacuated Britain in the fifth century, 
when the unfortunate provincials were obliged to flee from their homes 
and exchange the luxuries of civilized life for a hard struggle for 
common necessaries. Beneath this Roman Celtic layer was a thick- 
ness of five or six feet of fragments of rock, bound together by 
the deposition of carbonate of lime from dripping water. At the base 
of this was discovered a singular bone harpoon, with double barbs 
facing in one direction, and a third reversed barb at the base, the 
last, no doubt, being intended to serve for attachment to a shaft ; a 
hexagonal bone bead, and three flint flakes. Amongst Mr. Jackson's 
finds inside the cave was a small adze of melaphyr, which was probably 
from this layer, which has been termed neolithic. The beds beneath 
the neolithic layer consist of upper cave earth, laminated clay, and 
