404 
THE LAST DECADE. 
on the Glacial Sections near Bridlington. Of this series a second 
instalment was printed in 1882, and a third in 1883. 
The principal object of these papers was to place on record sections 
which artificial works, such as the erection of sea-walls, etc., were 
closing to the geologist. For this purpose Mr. Lamplugh made 
drawings of the threatened sections to a natural scale of 1 inch to 
60 feet, with enlargements to 1 inch to 10 feet of those parts that 
contained features which might prove of importance. The drawings 
have been lithographed by the Society, and as the original sections 
are now nearly all obliterated, they should hereafter prove of value. 
Indeed they have already been found useful to the Geological Survey, 
and three of the drawings have been reproduced in the Survey 
Memoirs on Holderness. (C. Reid, 1885, pp. 12, 30 and 76). ■ 
The first paper described the cliff section lying to the north 
of Bridlington Quay between Sands Cut and Carr Lane (opposite 
the Alexandra Hotel), where the cliff is now hidden by a strong sea- 
wall. Another drawing carries the section northwards as far as 
Sands Lane, this part of the cliff being still visible, though it has 
been somewhat altered by the encroachments of the sea. The 
deductive part of this paper deals chiefly with the extraordinary 
way in which the upper surface of the uppermost boulder clay 
is contorted and drawn out into the overlying gravels, and it is 
attempted to explain this by supposing that the gravels have been 
frozen solid in shallow water, and have then been moved in masses 
over and into the clays." It is also shown that these gravels are of 
fresh water origin, and have been deposited in the streamways and 
lakelets that covered this area at the close of the glacial period. 
In the second of the series, published in 1882, nine hundred 
yards of the cliff lying to the south of the town is described, and 
the sections are drawn on the same scales as before. The Purple 
Clay is more fully described and attention drawn to the presence in 
it of a ' stratified band,' along which lenticular patches of sand and 
gravel frequently make their appearance. It is also suggested that 
the constant recurrence of chalky gravels, interstratified among the 
* C. Reid, however, thinks these contortions may be of the nature of 
' pipes,' and due to weathering. (Holderness, p. 7G-77). 
