4 
H. 6. WILEY & SON, CAYUGA, N. Y. 
Hence, great pains should be taken in planting and caring for these. If not ready to 
plant when the stocl? arrives, "heel It in" 'by placing the roots in a trench and covering 
them with mellow earth, well packed. 
Planting — Make the holes large enough to admit the roots without any cramping or 
benddng, and deep enousrh to bring the tree a little below its natural depth. The fine sur- 
face soil should be used in covering the roots, and this should be carefully worked among 
them. If the ground is dry it is well to pour in some water when the hole is partially 
fil'lied. See tliat tlie ground is firmly and solidly i>a<'ke<l oxer all parts of tlie roots by 
exei-ting- tlie full weight of the planter upon it, so that there will be no opportunity for dry 
air or frost to enter and destroy roots deprived of the full benefit of their natural protec- 
tion. Omission to pack the earth solidly is a most frequent cause of failure in planting 
nursery stock. Pill the holes full enough to be even with the surrounding surface after 
the tr«sb earth settles. Always remove the label when planting. If this is left until the 
tree is grown, the connecting wire often cuts into and destroys the tree or branch to 
which it may be attached. When planting dwarf trees set them low enougli to cover the 
stock upon which they are budded, three or four inches. 
Mulching — When trees or 'bushes are planted, they should be mulched or covered 
withi a layer of coarse manure or litter from three to six inches deep for a space of 
say, two feet or more in diameter than the extent of the roots. This keeps the earth moist 
and at even temperature. 
.After-Culture — Grass should not be allowed to grow about young trees or plants. The 
ground should be cultivated for a space of at least a foot outside the roots. If the ground 
is poor it should be enriched with surface applications of manure. Pruning should be i 
varied according to the condition of the tree and the purpose of the planter. It should ] 
be done regularly every spring before the buds swell any. In this way the removal of ' 
large branches will he avoided. / 
.Fall Planting — ^When planted in the fall, all trees sliould be banked up at least one 
foot high until spring. This overcomes the tendency of the trees to heave out, protects 
them from mice and prevents the roots from freezing before they have taken hold of 
the soil. In planting roses, shrubs, vines, and other delicate stock in the fall, the tops 
should be nearly or quite buried with mellow earth during the first winter. The surplus 
earth should be removed early In the spring. 
In.jnred Trees — If trees are received in a frozen state, place the package unopened In 
a cellar, away from frost and heat, until thawed out and then unj ack. lif partially dried 
from long exposure, bury entirely in the ground or place in water from 24 to 48 hours. 
Suggestions — Our pamphlet on Suggestions Issued separate from catalog is given for 
the asking. 
DISTAXOES FOR PI/ANTING. 
Standard Apples, unless planted with fillers 40 feet apart each way 
Standard Pears and Strong Growing Cherries 20 " " 
Duke and Morello Cherries Ii8 " " 
Standard Plums, Peaches, Apricots and Nectarines 16 to " 
Dwarf Pears 10 to 12 " " 
Dwarf Apples 10 to 12 " " 
Quinces 10 to 12 " 
Grapes rows of 10 to 12 feet apart; 8 to 10 feet In rows 
Currants and Gooseberries 4 feet apart 
Raspberries and Blackberries 3 to 4 by 5 to 7 feet 
Stawberries, for field culture 1 "by 3 to 3% feet 
Strawberries, for garden culture 1 to 2 feet apart 
NUMBER OF TREEvS ON AN ACRE 
40 feet apart each way 28 
30 
25 
20 
18 
15 
12 
48 
70 
110 
135 
205 
300 
10 feet apart eacli way 435 
680 
1210 
1745 
272 5 
4840 
RULE — Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants are 
ai art in the rows, and the product will be the number of square feet, for each plant or 
hill, wMcli, divided into the number of square feet, in an acre (43,560) will give the 
numiher of plants or trees to the acre. 
