WILMORE : THE STRUCTURE OF SOME CRAVEN LIMESTONES. 39 
ones in a rather extensive tract, but the walls (the material 
for which is never carried far in this district) contain plenty of 
fossils. Syringopora, Lithostrotion, Lonsdaleia, Zaphrentis, and 
large Brachiopods are quite common. Fine sections of Zaph- 
rentis cylindrica and a species of Lonsdaleia may be seen in 
some of the walls. 
The Carboniferous Limestone strata may be here " rolling," 
and may really extend to the upper part of Swinden Gill, and 
perhaps to Otterburn. 
It seems quite likely that these shales with limestones 
are simply Upper Mountain limestone beds where the shales 
begin to play a more important part, indicating some difference 
in deposition as we go north-east. 
We now come to the Gisburn and Marton beds, the northern 
limb of the opened-out Clitheroe anticlinal. At Gisburn there 
is a very well-marked anticlinal, striking S.W. to N.E. On the 
south-eastern side there are small exposures showing the dip 
at What Close, New Ing, Stock Beck Bridge, and Brogden Beck, 
but good working sections for fossils are not easy to find. Crinoid 
stems and plates are found, those of Palcechinus being plentiful. 
Syringopora ramulosa and S. geniculata also occur. I hope to deal 
with this southern part of the district more fully in a subsequent 
paper. 
On the N.W. side of the limb exposures are more plentiful. 
Beginning at Gisburn, there is a good exposure below the railway 
station. Dark shales and thin flaggy limestones dip at an angle 
of nearly 30° N.N.E. Crinoidal fragments, Zaphrentis sp., and 
Syringopora sp. occur. Also Productus scahriculus, Athyris 
ambigua, and other brachiopods. The limestones are the usual 
five-grained dark stuff. The dip is seen at many points in this 
district and is fairly constant, between 20° and 30° N.N.E. 
Near Gisburn Old Toll Bar on the Skipton road there are 
massive dark-blue well-bedded limestones with very thin shale 
partings. The strata dip almost due north at 20°. Fossils 
are very scarce in these beds, but the walls close by, which are 
doubtless from the quarry, contained weathered out crinoid 
stems and plates, shell fragments, and polyzoa. 
