Excursions, 1907. 
The first Excursion of the year was lield at Colne, at Easter 
(March 29th to April 2nd), under the presidency of Mr. Cosmo 
Johns, F.G.S., M.I.Mech.E., and the leadership of Mr. Albert 
Wilmore, B.Sc, F.G.S. 
The Excursions were held in conjunction with the Liverpool 
Geological Society, a number of whose members were present 
under the presidency of Dr. A. R. Dwerryhouse, F.G.S. 
The headquarters of the Societies were at the Crown Hotel, 
the evening meeting being held at the Municipal Technical 
School, by kind permission of the Committee. 
The special object of the meeting was the investigation of 
the Carboniferous rocks of the area, with special reference to 
their life zones and to the mode of origin of the limestone knolls 
which occur in the region round Clitheroe. 
On Friday morning, the party left Colne by train for Thorn- 
ton-in- Craven, whence they walked to Thornton Quarry, where 
there is an extensive exposure of Carboniferous Limestone with 
fossiliferous shales. These beds are on the same horizon as 
those exposed at Clitheroe. Good specimens of the characteristic 
fossils were obtained, and the party then moved on to South 
Field Quarry, slightly lower in the series. Here thin-bedded, 
impure limestones, with many remains of corals, are to be seen. 
A thin seam of soft coal occurs near the top of the c[uarry, 
resting on a fossiliferous shale of marine origin. 
In Rain Hall Quarry the same beds are exposed as in Thorn- 
ton Quarry. The beds dip at a high angle to the southward. 
From a hill close by this quarry a fine view of the rolling 
outlines of the district was obtained, though the hazy atmo- 
sphere prevented a good view of the distant grit hills. 
Crossing over the crest of the anticline to Gill Church, the 
beds were observed dipping to the north, and in the quarry at 
Gill Rock a small overthrust fault was seen, by which a 
mass of dark shales had been pushed over on to a mass of 
limestone. 
