HUGHES : INGLEBOROFGH. 
285 
local word for shale or other crumbly rock. About 500 yards 
west of Colt Park there is a brown earthy limestone with plants, 
and higher up the hill a cherty limestone with small corals and 
Cauda Galli markings. These beds have not been worked, 
but seeing that they are in the Black Limestone Series, they 
are of exceptional interest, as the horizcsn is exactly known, 
and these plants are very low down in the Carboniferous group. 
Following the same horizon round the north end of Ingle- 
borough and along its north-west flank, we find black limestone 
and shale in the streams which run from Fairweather Springs. 
Along this terrace all the best caves and swallow holes occur, 
as it is here that the streams which gather on the flanks of the 
mountain first reach the Great Scar Limestone. Fortunately, 
however, the water has often undermined and let down the over- 
lying drift and shale, and given us good sections in the Black 
Limestone Series, which is the most interesting part. For 
instance, in the stream from Keld Bank Spring we find first 
a black limestone with chert and abundant fossils, and, after 
a small interval of eight feet, more black limestone resting on 
black shale, below which again there is eight feet of limestone 
full of small encrinites, then about four feet of shale. Below 
this the black bituminous limestone, which forms the top of 
the grey beds of the Great Scar, is often seen in swallow holes, 
and we can trace this horizon in small sections for about a mile 
and a half to the south-west, where we find the magnificent 
swallow hole which receives the waters which have gathered 
in the deep bay where Humphry Bottom and Black Shiver Moss 
lie in the shadow of the highest point of Ingleborough. In this 
grand chasm we see the grey limestone of the Great Scar capped 
by black bituminous beds, w^hich should be searched for trilo- 
bites. The shale is obscured by drift, but a little higher up 
there is a black limestone with many small corals and chert, 
then about four feet of shale, above which there is more black 
limestone, full of productas. 
The ground is now heavily covered with drift for a mile 
and a half to the south, but still in the pot holes, here and there, 
we find black bituminous limestone resting on the grey beds of 
the Great Scar ; in Tatham Wife Hole, for instance, or above 
