WILMORE : THORNTON, MARTON AND BROUGHTON-IN-CRAVEN. 361 
Da of the South-western Province. Dr. Wheelton Hind and 
Dr. Vaughan have kindly examined some of the specimens of 
corals, brachiopods, and lamellibranchs collected by the author, 
and with respect to several have referred to them as " high D " 
and some more definitely to Ds. 
Mr. R. G. Carruthers has kindly examined many of the 
corals, and with respect to some he says that they indicate a 
probable Upper Visean facies ; but he points out that the as- 
semblage of corals is an uncommon one, and that they alone 
would not fix the precise horizon. 
It will be seen that it is not b}^ any means easy to precisely 
correlate the beds with those of other provinces, still I think 
there is great probability that the whole thickness comes within 
the Upper Visean, probably Ds. Fortunately there is little 
doubt that near Rain Hall, at Gill Rock, and at Elslack they 
are definitely succeeded by the Lower Pendleside beds with their 
characteristic fauna. A quarry at Bawmier, very near to Rain 
Hall, shows limestone of undoubted Pendleside type, and in the 
next field grits come in. These are clearly the beds of Salter- 
forth cutting, where Posidonomya Becheri occurs and the Pendle- 
side fauna is well developed. 
I propose, provisionally, to divide these beds into three 
stages, and to regard the whole as a sub-zone corresponding to 
the Amplexi-Zaphrentis sub-zone of the British Association 
Committee in the report for 1906. The three stages are char- 
acterised as follows : — The lowest zone seems to contain few 
corals, bub swarms with Orthotetes crenistria. The impressions 
of this shell have a striking likeness in the three exposures which 
I believe to represent this stage, namely Golf Links Quarry, 
Rain HaU Plantation, and Thornton Church. Davidson's 
Fig. 19, Plate XXV., Biit, Carb. Brach., represents it faiiiy 
well, the curved stria? especially seeming much like the very 
numerous specimens found in those beds. The figure is possibly 
a little too long and narrow to accurately interpret most of the 
impressions I have seen. The next stage, seen in the Thornton 
beds and in the lower beds of Rain Hall, contains abundance of 
Zaphrentis Omaliusi, with its two varieties, densa and ambigua. 
