400 JOHNS : FAULTS IN THE SETTLE-MALHAM AREA. 
from High Hill, or Sugarloaf Hill, the dislocations can be clearly 
distinguished when their significance has been pointed out. 
Measured from Victoria Cave to Langcliffe village the effect 
of the faults is to considerably reduce the apparent thickness of 
limestone. 
There can be no doubt that there are many more of these 
transverse faults. One with a considerable downthrow on the 
western side must run between Upper Win skill and Langcliffe 
Scar, for the beds at the top of the quarry of the Craven Lime 
Works are much below any of those described, but the tracing 
of the actual fault lines is difficult, and would require a more 
minute faunal investigation than it has been possible to under- 
take. Mention, however, might be made of the small fault, 
if 150 feet throw can be called small, which forms the ledge near 
Attermire Cave. This is the most striking instance of the 
repetition of the same faunal line by normal faulting. The 
cutting off by the important E. and W. fault about to be des- 
cribed of the southern extremity of this fault and its significance 
will be referred to later, when discussing the probable occurrence 
of pre-carboniferous rocks at that point. 
The Stockdale Fault. 
Structurally this is the most important fault of those to be 
described. If a line be drawn from " Giggleswick " to "Stock- 
dale " Farm it follows, in a great part, a much used path on the 
left of which, going east, we have a long line of continuous scars, 
interrupted only by the trough near the rifle butts already des- 
cribed as marking the position of the two N.N.W. faults below 
Langcliffe Scar. The dip slope of High Hill is a marked feature 
on the right-hand side when the ground opens out and the curious 
eminence of Sugarloaf Hill appears. From there on we are 
in the Stockdale valley, with low-lying ground to the right and 
precipitous scars to the left. The topography alone suggests 
dislocations, and an examination of the sections to the south 
confirms this. Scaleber Beck reveals a number of sections, of 
which inconsistent dips are the chief characteristics. Many 
of the exposures are fossiliferous, and are clearly high up in the 
Great Scar Limestone. A little further north, but in the same 
