80 
HISTORICAL PART 
Prussia. A fine of 30 marks is inflicted on anyone who, 
on property not his own, takes birds not figuring as ^game", 
who destroys nests, or takes eggs and broods. 
Bavaria. A Royal Decree dated Nov. 19, 1889 protects 
the following birds: buntings, wagtails, tree creepers, blue 
breasts, red breasts, warblers, larks, finches (with the exception 
of sparrows and the brambling), chiff-chaffs, water warblers, 
titmice, woodpeckers, starlings, wheatears, storks, wrens, wry- 
necks etc. 
Wiirttemberg. A Royal Decree (Oct. 7, 1890) prohibits 
the taking of black-headed gulls' and lapwings' eggs in the 
neighbourhood of the Danube. The Wiirttemberg decree pro- 
tects the same birds as the Bavarian one, but excludes the 
white stork and the black stork, which are scheduled as 
noxious. 
Saxony. The law here in force (July 22, 1876) exempts 
larks, thrushes (the thrush only temporarily) and all small 
singing birds from the regulations of the Game Laws : crows, 
wild pigeons, nutcrackers and sparrows are not protected 
at all. 
Baden. The regulations concerning thrushes are partly at 
variance with those of the other countries. The fieldfare may 
only be shot. The law (July 13, 1888) protects almost the 
same species as that of Bavaria. 
Hessen. The law for the protection of birds is one of the 
older ones (April 7, 1837); it forbids the killing of birds 
useful to agriculture, the destruction of nests and the col- 
lection of eggs. An exception is made with sparrows and 
crows. The ministry may grant exemptions for scientific pur- 
poses. A remarkable law, unique of its kind, is one passed 
later on, which forbids the clipping of hedges between 
August 1 and March 1. 
Alsace-Lorraine Here the useful birds are protected: in 
