BIRDS OF DUMFRIESSHIRE 
monks may erect lodges and buildings wherever they 
choose, and may deal generally with the said estate m 
any manner that they may consider advantageous for 
themselves, their serving brothers, and their cattle."* 
The Sparrow-Hawk in the olden time was the servmg- 
man's" hawk, and the protection demanded as above 
may have been for it. It is weU to remember, too, that 
the Peregrine Falcon is nowadays sometimes miscalled the 
Goshawk locally. j . ^ • ^ t 
The Goshawk nests throughout the wooded districts ot 
northern and central Europe and Asia; in winter the 
young migrate south, and at this season they have occa- 
sionally been taken on the east coast of Great Britain. 
Upwards of a hundred years ago this species nested in 
Scotland, but it was probably at no time numerous, even 
in the most wooded and secluded districts.] 
THE SPARROW-HAWK. Accipiter nisus (Linnaeus). 
A decreasing resident whose numbers are perceptibly augmented during 
the autumn-migration. 
Mr R. Service speaking in 1903 says : " There can be Uttle 
question that since the modern form of game preservmg 
set in, now some seventy or eighty years ago, the resident, 
*Latin Text -(Roger Avenel and his heirs should have, among other 
thinat Aerium aceipitrum et sperveriorum, ita quod monachi 
1 ,«T.ir.f Tn aWW vpro locis infra di visas contentas in carta aicti j^o^en 
lalS^TlWas et edS Xinque voluerint pro libito et voluntates„a 
erutentur^enemento contento infra dicta« 
Bibi, fratribus suis servientibus, et avetns suis proficere eis visum fuerit. 
