Western White-Tailed Jack Rabbit 37 
Lepus campestris townsendi (for J. K. Townsend, the 
naturalist and traveller). Western White-Tailed 
Jack Rabbit. 
Lepus townsendi Bachman, Jour. Acad. Nat. Set. Phila., p. 90 
(1830). 
Type locality.— Old Fort Walla Walla, Washington. 
Measurements. — Total length, 24.0; tail vert., 4.0; hind foot, 
6.25; ear, 5.75. 
Description. — Top of head and back dull grayish, the depth of the 
color being rather variable, some specimens being paler and some- 
what grayer than others; other markings as in campestris, from 
which it is distinguished by gray instead of buffy color of the upper 
parts. The winter pelage is paler on shoulders, sides of body, and 
rump, and paler bufify gray on top of head and neck; nape grayish 
white ; this coat is as variable as in the case of campestris, and, as in 
the case of that species, is entirely white in the colder portions of its 
range. Some specimens from western Montrose County show an 
excessive amount of black in their tails, and are then very difficult to 
distinguish by external characters from the true Black-tails. The 
cranial characters are essentially the same as in L. campestris, 
excepting that the posterior end of the postorbital process, instead 
of being always free from the frontal, is often joined to it by a 
cartilage as in the case of the Black-tailed Jack Rabbits. The 
skull always has, however, the high-arched outline of campestris. 
Distribution. — The Western White-tailed Jack Rabbit is found 
from Fairview, Okanagan Valley, British Columbia, south through 
eastern Washington and Oregon, into extreme northwest California, 
western and southern Idaho, northern Nevada, extreme southwest 
Wyoming, most of Utah, and Colorado west of the Continental 
Divide, there meeting the west boundary of the range of campestris. 
It has been recorded from Grand, Routt, Eagle, Summit, Gunnison, 
Delta, and Montrose Counties, all of these being from my own 
notes. The species has a vertical range from 1,000 feet in eastern 
Washington to 12,000 feet in Colorado, where I have taken speci- 
mens at timber-line near Boreas Pass, Summit County. Its zonal 
range is mostly in Upper Sonoran and Transition, but also reaching 
the Hudsonian and even Alpine. 
Habits. — ^We have more data at our command as to the 
breeding habits of this form than of campestris proper. Two 
females taken at Sulphur Springs, Grand County, altitude 
7,665 feet, April 13, 1907, each contained four small em- 
