Part II. Of Arborefcent Plants. 225 
That which Diof cor ides calls Za'x^pov 5 Galen, Sac char 3 is 
Archigenes, Sal Indian \ is the fame thing for fubftance, 
faith Matthiolus , with that we call Sugar • faving that, 
whereas this is made of the Juyce exprcffed and boil'd 5 
that of the Ancients, as is likely , was only the Tears $ 
which buriting out of the Cane, as the Gums or Milks of 
Plants are ufed to do, were thereupon harden d into a pure 
white Sugar. That the Sugar of the Ancients was the 
fimple Concreted Juyce of a Cane, He well conjectures : 
and what is above- (aid of the Mambu, may argue as much. 
But that it was the Juyce or Tears of the Sugar-Cane, he 
proves not. Nor, I think, could be, if, as isfuppofed, it 
was, like Salt, friable,and hard. And in affirming our Sugar 
to be the fame for fubftance with that of the Ancients, he 
much miftakesj that being the fimple Juyce of the Cane 7 
this a compounded Thing, always mixed either with the 
Salt of Lime, or of AJhes 5 fometimes of Animals too. 
The COD and SEED of the true Greater CARDA- 
MUM, figur d by Bejler, in Calceolaria's Mufoeum, and 
others with the Name of the Middle Cardamum. The Plant 
it (elf, both Lelfer, and Greater, described and figur d by 
Bontius 3 (a) who glories himfelf the firft that hath done (a) Hift> j 4 
it will. The Leffer grows about a yard high, with a joynted c. 3$. 
Stalk, like a Reed. But bears its Spikes, with the Flower 
and Seed, near the Root. The Greater grows two yards 
in height, the Stalk not joynted, with a Spike of Flowers 
at the top, fomcwhat like to that of a Jacynth. Both of 
them plentiful in Java. 
The Indians feafon all their boil'd Meats herewith, pre- 
ferring it before other Spices, as not being biting. 
That which is commonly received amongit Botanicks 
for the Greater kind, from the fiery hot Tart of its Seeds 
( called Grana Paradifi) feems to be no Cardamum, but of 
another Tribe. 
The PAFYR-REED of Nile. Papyrus Nilotica. By the 
Egyptians called Berd. Given by Sig r . Bocconejwho brought 
it out of Sicily, where it grew. Defcribed and figur d in 
Bauhinus}, (b) who with Geftier, makes k a Spec ies of Cjir (h)W. it 
perm, to which (in Leaf and Stalk) it is like 5 but hath a c - l ? 6, 
more compared Head. This feems to have been no tall Plant : 
but upon its Native Bed, fc. near the Banks of the River 
G g Nik, 
