TREE SPARROW. 
107 
familiarly about our doors, humble pensioners on the sweepings of the 
threshold. 
The present species has never before, to my knowledge, been figured. 
It is five inches and a quarter long, and eight inches broad ; bill and 
legs a reddish cinnamon color ; upper part of the head deep chestnut, 
divided by a slight streak of drab widening as it goes back ; cheeks, 
line over the eye, breast and sides under the wings a brownish clay color, 
lightest on the chin, and darkest on the ear feathers ; a small streak of 
brown at the lower angle of the bill ; back streaked with black, drab, 
and bright bay, the latter being generally centered with the former ; 
rump dark drab, or cinereous ; wings dusky black, the primaries edged 
with whitish, the secondaries bordered with bright bay ; greater wing- 
coverts black, edged and broadly tipped with brownish white ; tail 
dusky black, edged with clay color : male and female nearly alike in 
plumage ; the chestnut on the crown of the male rather brighter. 
Species IV. FRINGILLA ARB ORE A* 
TREE SPARROW. 
[Plate XVI. Fig. 3.] 
Le Soulciet, Buff, hi., 500. — Moineau de Canada, Briss. in., 101.— PL Enl. 223. 
—Lath, ii., 252.— Edw. 209.— Avct. Zool. p. 373, No. 240. 
This Sparrow is a native of the north, who takes up his winter 
quarters in Pennsylvania, and most of the Northern States, as well as 
several of the Southern ones. He arrives here about the beginning of 
November ; and leaves us again early in April ; associates in flocks with 
the Snow-birds, frequents sheltered hollows, thickets, and hedge-rows, 
near springs of water ; and has a low warbling note, scarcely audible at 
the distance of twenty or thirty yards. If disturbed takes to trees, like 
the White-throated Sparrow, but contrary to the habit of most of the 
others, who are inclined rather to dive into thickets. Edwards errone- 
ously represented this as the female of the Mountain Sparrow ; but that 
judicious and excellent naturalist, Pennant, has given a more correct 
account of it, and informs us, that it inhabits the country bordering on 
Hudson's Bay during summer ; comes to Severn settlement in May ; 
* The specific name, Canadensis, given by Brisson and adopted by Latham, must 
be restored to this bird. The following synonymes may be quoted. Fringilla 
monticola, Gmel. Syst. I., p. 912. — Passer Canadensis, Briss. hi., p. 102, 15. — Id. 
8vo. i., p. 335. — Mountain Finch, Lath. Syn. in., p. 265, 16. Fringilla Canaden- 
sis, Lath. lad. Orn. i., p. 434. 
