210 
YELLOW - BREASTED CHAT. 
rest of the wing dusky, finely edged with dark olive yellow ; throat and 
whole breast rich yellow, spreading also along the sides under the wings, 
handsomely marked with spots of black running in chains ; belly and 
vent yellowish white ; tail forked, dusky black, edged with yellow olive, 
the three exterior feathers on each side marked on their inner vanes 
with a spot of white. The yellow on the throat and sides of the neck 
reaches nearly round it, and is very bright. 
Genus XLIV. PIPRA. MANAKIN. 
Species. PIPRA POLYGLOTTA. 
YELLOW-BREASTED, CHAT. 
[Plate VI. Fig. 2.] 
Muscicapa viridis, Gmel. Si/st. i., 93(3. — Le Merle vert de la Caroline, Buffon, hi., 
396. — Chattering Flycatcher, Arct. Zool. n., No. 266. — Lath. Syn. ni., 350, 48. 
— Garrulus Australis, Bartram, 290.* 
This is a very singular bird. In its voice and manners, and the habit 
it has of keeping concealed, while shifting and vociferating around you, 
it differs from most other birds with which I am acquainted ; and has 
considerable claims to originality of character. It arrives in Pennsyl- 
vania about the first week in May, and returns to the south again as 
soon as its young are able for the journey, which is usually about the 
middle of August ; its term of residence here being scarcely four months. 
The males generally arrive several days before the females, a circum- 
stance common with many other of our birds of passage. 
When he has once taken up his residence in a favorite situation, 
which is almost always in close thickets of hazel, brambles, vines, and 
thick underwood, he becomes very jealous of his possessions, and seems 
offended at the least intrusion ; scohNng every passenger as soon as 
they come within view, in a great variety of odd and uncouth mono- 
syllables, which it is difficult to describe, but which may be readily 
imitated so as to deceive the bird himself, and draw him after you for 
half a quarter of a mile at a time, as I have sometimes amused myself 
in doing, and frequently without once seeing him. On these occasions 
his responses are constant and rapid, strongly expressive of anger and 
anxiety ; and while the bird itself remains unseen, the voice shifts from 
place to place, among the bushes, as if it proceeded from a spirit. 
First are heard a repetition of short notes, resembling the whistling of 
* Ictera dumicola, Vieill. Ois. de V Am. Sept. pi. 55. 
