46 Farmers' Bulletin 1055. 
Packer hides and skins. Country hides and skins. 
Extreme light native steers, 25 to DO pounds.. 
Heavy native cows, 55 pounds up ■ 
Light native cows, 25 to 55 pounds 
Heavy Colorado steers, 60 pounds and up 
Light Colorado steers, 50 to 60 pounds 
Branded cows, including Colorado steers, 
25 to 50 pounds 
Heavy butt-branded hides, 60 pounds up 
Light butt-branded hides, 50 to 60 pounds. _ 
Extreme light butt-branded hides, 25 to 50 
pounds 
Native bulls, all weights 
Branded bulls, all weights 
Kips, 15 to 25 pounds Kips, 15 to 25 pounds. 
Heavy calf, 8 to 15 pounds Heavy calf, 8 to 15 pounds. 
Light calf, 7 to 8 pounds Light calf, 7 to 8 pounds. 
Deacons, up to 7 pounds . Deacons, up to 7 pounds. 
METHODS OF MARKETING HIDES AND SKINS. 
While improvement of country hides and skins and consequent 
increase in returns for them are possible, yet even with hides and 
skins similar in quality to those produced by the packers it is not 
possible for the individual producer, who must operate on a small 
scale and market more or less indirectly, to receive the top prices paid 
to the packers, who generally sell directly to the tanners. 
The tannery is generally the destination of all hides and skins, 
and efficient and economic marketing will place them at the tannery 
door at the earliest practicable date in the best condition possible and 
with the aid of only the essential marketing agencies. Each tannery, 
however, as a rule, specializes in certain kinds of leather, and conse- 
quently must have uniformity in its supply of hides and skins. Since 
the tanner is not in position to handle all kinds and classes of these 
materials, some central collecting and classifying agency is necessary. 
It is here that the packers have an incalculable marketing advan- 
tage over the country-hide producers. The packers deal in large 
numbers of hides and skins and as a result can assort and classify 
them in marketable lots, and sell them directly to the tanner or with 
the occasional intervention of only one agency, namely, the hide 
broker or tanner's buyer. The extremely scattered sources and the 
comparatively small individual production of country hides and 
skins make it impossible for the country-hide producers to obtain 
this advantage. These widely scattered materials first must be col- 
lected and classified in large lots. Consequently, before reaching the 
Buffs (steers), 45 to 50 pounds. 
Extremes (steers), 25 to 45 pounds. 
Heavy native cows, 60 pounds up. 
Buffs (cows), 45 to 60 pounds. 
Buffs (cows), 45 to 60 pounds. 
Extremes (cows), 25 to 45 pounds. 
Branded hides, except branded bulls, 25 
pounds up. (In some sections butt- 
■ branded steer hides are classed as No. 2, 
native steers, buffs, or extremes, according 
to weight.) 
Heavy native bulls, 60 pounds and up. 
Buffs (bulls), 45 to 60 pounds. 
Extremes (bulls), 25 to 45 pounds. 
Branded bulls, 25 pounds and up ; special 
selections for branded bull hides, 60 
pounds up. 
