100 
PHILESTÜRNüS. — PHILOMACHUS. 
rufescens Brehm, Naumannia 1855. V. 278. = Alauda alpestris Lin. 
scriba Brehm, Naumannia 1855. V. 278. — Alauda penicillata Gould. 
Sibiriens Blasius u. Keyserllng, Wirbeith. Eur. 153. = Alauda sibirica Gmel. 
striatiis Brehm, Naumannia 1855. V. 278. = Alauda alpestris Lin. 
PHILESTÜRNÜS Geoffroy Sr. Hilaire 1832. .— Creadion carunculatus Gray. 
PHILETAERIIS (Ploceinae. — çtXsTaipoç amicos amans). — Smith, Loudons 
Mag. nat. hist. 1837. 536. 
Si/non.: Philetairus Gray. — Philaeterus Bonap. 
Bill more compressed than in Ploceus, with the culmen slightly arched from 
the hase and the lateral margins sinuated. Wings moderate^ reaching to about 
the middle of the tail; with the first quill very short, almost rudimentary , the 
second, third and fourth nearly of equal length and longest. Tail somewhat roun- 
ded at the end. Tarsi strong, shielded with transverse scales. Toes moderate, the 
outer and inner toes nearly of equal length. 
socius Strickland, Ann. mag. nat. hist. 1841. VIL 32. — Gray, Genera Birds 
II. 353. — La YARD, Birds S Africa 186. [Africa merid. 
Loxia socia Latham, Ind. Ornith. 381. 
Ploceus socius Cuvier, Règne anim. — Lesson, Traité Ornith. 435. 
Euplectes lepidus Swainson, two Centur. 309. 
Philetaerus lepidus Smith, Illustr. SAfr. Zool. Tb. 8. 
Ploceus Patersoni Lesson, Compl. Buffon VIII. 
PHILOCALYX Hodgson, Journ. as. Soc. Bengal 1841. X. 29. = Leiothrix argen- 
tauris Blyth. 
PHILOCARPUS Müller. = Analcipus sanguinolentus Swains. 
PHILODICE Mitchelli Mulsant et Verreaux, Mém. Soc. Cherbourg 1866. XII. 
230. = Trochilus Mitchelli BouRC. 
PHILOHELA (Scolopacidae) Gray, List Genera Birds 1841; Genera Birds 1846. 
HI. 584. — ■ Baird, Birds NAmerica 709. — Scolopax Briss. 
Synon.: Microptera Natt. 
Bill long, straight, with the sides compressed and broadly grooved towards 
the tip, wich is rather depressed and curved ower that of the lower mandible; 
the nostrils basal, placed in the groove, with the opening oblong and exposed. 
Wings moderate with the first three quills graduated, narrowed and curved, and 
the fourth and fifth equal and longest. Tail moderate and rounded. Tarsi shorter 
than the middle toe, robust and covered in front with transverse narrow scales. 
Toes moderate, with the inner shorter than the outer; the hind toe long, slender 
with the claw very small. 
minor Gray, Genera Birds III. 584. — Scolo2:)ax minor Gmel. 
PHILOLIMNOS Brehm, Vögel Deutschi. 1830. 622. = Scolopax gallinula hm. 
Gestalt der Sumpfschnepfe, aber der Schnabel schmalrückig, kürzer, höher, 
vor der Spitze fast noch einmal so breit wie in der Mitte; der Schwanz stufen- 
förmig, an beiden mittlen Federn zugespitzt, und zwölffederig. 
PHILOMACmiS (Scolopacidae. — (ç>iks(d amo, fJLa/^Y] pugna). — Möhring, 
Genera Avium 1752. — Gray, Genera Birds 1845. IIL 578. 
Synon.: Pavoncella Leach. — Machetes Cuvier. — Pavia Hodgs. 
Bill as long as the head, straight, rather slender, the sides compressed and 
grooved to near the tip, which is rather dilated; the nostrils basal, lateral 
and placed in a nasal groove. Wings long and pointed, with the first and second 
quills equal and longest. Tail rather short and nearly even. Tarsi long, slender 
and covered in front with transverse scales. Toes moderate, the lateral ones un- 
equal, with the outer toe united at the base to the middle one as far as the first 
joint, and the base of the inner toe free; the hind toe elevated and short. 
pngnax Moeiiring, Genera Avium. [Europa. Asia. Africa. 
Tringa pugnax Linne, Syst. Nat. I. 247. — Buffon, PI. enlum. 305. 306. 
— Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas Scolop. 51. 
Tringa einer eus Brisson, Ornith. V. 203. juv. 
Tringa variegata Bbunnich, Ornith. bor. 51. 
