130 
PICATHARTES. — PICOIDES. 
ornata Lesson, Revue Zool. 1839. 41. = Garrulus ornatus. 
pileata Wac.ler, Syst. Avium spec. 28. = Cyanocorax irileatus Bote. 
pinetorum Brehm, Naumannia 1855. V. 273. — Pica caudata Ltn. 
rufa Vieillot, Encycl. iiu'tli. 888. = Glaucopis ruf a Sciileg. 
nifa SiWHEVALL, Ann. mag. nat. hist. 1846. XVin. 1G8. = CrypsirJiina rufa Bl. 
rufigaster Vieillot, Encycl. métii. 887. Spec, artef. = Crypsirhina rufa Blytil 
rufiventris Stephens, gener. Zool. XIV. 73. = Crypsirhina rufa Blyth. 
sanblasiana de Lafresnaye, Magaz. Zool. 1842. Ois. Tb. 28. = Garrulus 
sanblasianus Lafresn. 
senegalensis Lesson, Traité Ornith. 330. = Glaucopis senegalensis. 
septentrionalis Brehm, Naumannia 1855. V. 273. = Pica caudata Lin. 
sericea Gould, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1845. XIIL 2. = Pica media Blyth. 
Sieberi Wagler, Syst. Avium spec. 23. = Garrulus Sieheri. 
sinensis Gray, Illustr. Ind. Zool. I. Tb. 26. = Crypsirhina sinensis Hodgs. 
speciosa Wagler, Syst. Avium spec. 30. = Cissa sinensis Boie. 
Stellen Wagler, Syst. Avium spec. 10. = Garrulus Steiler i Vieill. 
stridens Eiirenberg, Mus. berol. = Garrulus melanocephalus Gene. 
ternatana Klein, Aves 62. =z Dacelo dea Schleg. 
tibetana Hodgson, Ann. mag. nat. hist. 2 ser. III. 203. — Pica caudata Lin. 
tovquata [Celebes. 
Garrulus torquatus Temminck, PI. color. 444. 
Streptocitta torquata Gray, Handl. Birds II. 11. 
tricolor Lesson, Traité Ornith. 332. — Cyanocorax cyanoleucus Gray. 
iiltramarina Vigors, Beechey's Voyage 22 note. = Garrulus ultramarinus Bonap. 
vagabunda Vieillot, Encycl. méth. 888. — Crypsirhina rufa Blyth. 
vagabunda Pearson, Journ. as. Soc. Bengal 1841. X. 654. = Pica caudata Lin. 
varia Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas Corac. 39. ~ Pica caudata Lin. 
zanoe Vieillot, Encycl. méth. 889. = Corvus zanoe Gmel. Lath. 
PICAlTHARTES (Corvidae. — pica, xa^apxïjç purgator). — Lesson, Traité 
Ornith. 1831. 330. 
Bill as long as the head, rather depressed, hroad at the hase, with the cul- 
men curved and the sides compressed to the entire tip; the lateral margins nearly 
straight; the gonys short and advancing upwards ; the nostrils placed anteriorly in 
a large membranous groove, exposed and rounded. Wings reaching beyond the 
base of the tail and rounded with the sixth and seventh quills equal and longest. 
Tail very long and rounded. Tarsi very long and rather slender, with broad scales 
covering the front. Toes moderate, with the lateral toes nearly equal and the 
outer united at the base to near the first joint of the middle toe; the_ hind toe 
moderate and strong. The upper part and sides of the head entirely denuded of 
feathers and even of down, 
gymuocephalus Lesson, Traité Ornith. 330. — Schlegel, Mus. Pays-Bas 
Corac. 54. — Usher, Ibis 1874. 67. Tb. 2. [Africa occid. 
Corvus gymnocephalus Temminck, PI. color. 327. 
Pica gymnocex^hala Schinz, Vögel 44. Tf. 16. 
Galgulus gymnocephalus Wagler, Syst. Avium. 
PICAZUROS Lesson, Compl. Buflfon 1837. VIIL Columba gymnophthalmos Tem. 
Synon. : Picazurus Desmurs. — Picazures Gray. 
PICERTHIA Geoffroy St. Hilaire 1832. = Furnarius nematurus. 
PICICORVUS columbianus Bonaparte, Conspect. Avium I. 384. = Nucifraga 
Columbiana. 
PICNONOTUS Gray 1840. = Pycnonotus Kühl. 
PICNORHAMPHUS v. Rosenberg 1866. = Sphecotheres Vieill. 
PICOIDES (Picidae. — Pico similis) LacÉpède, 1801. — Lesson, Traité Ornith. 
217. — Gray, Genera Birds 1845. II. — Malherbe, Monogr. Picid. 18G1. 
I. 167. = Picus Lin. 
Synon.: Dinopium Rafio. — Tridactylia Steph. — Apternus Swains. — Pipodes Glog. 
Bill shorter than the head, straight; the base broader than high, and covered 
