SCOPÏELUS. — SCOTOCERCA. 
473 
SCOPTELUS (Upupidae. — cxotuttqXoç irrisor) Cabanis, Mus. Heine. 1860. II. 
129. — Irrisor Less. 
aterrimus Cabanis, 1. c. = Irrisor aterrimus Gray. 
SCOPTIOPTES Agassiz, Ind. univ. Nomencl. = Scotiaptex Swains. 
SCOPUS (Ardeidae. — axoTUOC explorator). — Brisson, 1760. — Layard, 
Birds SAfr. 312. 
Synon.: Cepphus Wagl. — Umbretta Raf. 
Bill long with the culmen elevated to the base y keeled and curved to the tip, 
which is hooked^ the sides much compressed and grooved near the culmen from the 
base to the tip; the gonys long and curved upwards; the nostrils basal and lateral^ 
with the opening linear, exposed and partly closed by a membranous scale; wings 
long with the third and fourth quills equal and longest; tail short and even; tarsi 
longer than the middle toe, compressed, and covered with small reticulated scales; 
toes moderate; the outer longer than the inner; both are united at the base by a 
membrane, which extend along the sides to the tip ; the hind toe moderate and even 
with the others; the claws rather short and slightly curved. 
utiibretta Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I. 618. — Buffon, PL enlum. 796. — Vieillot, 
Galerie Ois. 250. [Africa merid. 
Ardea fusca Forster, Descr. anim. 47. 
Cepphus Scopus Wagler, Syst. Av. 
Nyam chengwe. — Hamerkop. 
SCORTORNIS (Caprimulgidae. — axoTO^ obscuritas, opviç avis). — Swainson, 
Classif. Birds 1837. II. 339. = Caprimulgus Lin. 
Synon.: Scotornis Gray (recte!) — Climarurus Glog. 
Bill broad at the base and much depressed, with the apical portion of the 
culmen arched and compressed on the sides to the tip, which is hooked and 
acute; the gape furnished with strong bristles; the nostrils lateral and partly 
clothed by the frontal plumes, with the opening covered by a membranous scale. 
Wings long and pointed, with the second or third quill the longest. Tail very 
long, broad and graduated. Tarsi shorter than the middle toe partly clothed 
with plumes and the apical part covered with transverse scales. Toes unequal, 
the lateral ones shorter than the middle toe and the inner toe longer than the 
outer; the claws short and curved and that of the middle toe long and serrated, 
climacteris Swainson, Classif Birds II. 339. = Caprimulgus longicaudus Drap. 
climacturus Gray, Genera Birds I. 51. — Caprimulgus longicaudus Drap. 
climacurus Bonaparte, Consp. Av. I. 62. = Caprimulgus longicaudus Drap. 
Finschi Gray, Handl. Birds I. 60. = Caprimulgus Finschi. 
furcatus, longissimus etc. Pz. Paul Würtbg. = Caprimulgus longicaudus Drap. 
longicauda Cabanis, Mus. Heine. III. 90. = Caprimulgus longicaudus Drap. 
nigricans Salvadori, Atti Soc. Ital. 1869. XI. = Caprimulgus Finschi. 
trimaculatus Swainson, Birds WAfr. IL 70. = Caprimulgus trimaculatus. 
SCOTAEUS (Subgen. Ardeae) Keyserling u. Blasius, Wirbeith. Eur. 1840. 220. 
— Ardea nycticorax Lin. 
Schwanz 12federig; der Oberkiefer in der Endhälfte stark gebogen; Kiel gerade; 
Innenzehe etwas kürzer als Aussenzehe; 2. bis 4. Schwinge deutlich verengt, drei 
schmale verlängerte Kopffedern. 
SCOTIAPTEX (Strigidae) Swainson, Classif. Birds 1837. IL 216. Syrnium Savg. 
Head smaller, without egrets. Operculum of the ears large and covering 
the orifice. Tarsus short, and thickly feathered. Tail graduated considerably 
lengthened. 
cinerea Swainson, Classif. Birds II. 217. = Syrnium einer eum Bp. 
uralensis Swainson, Classif. Birds II. 217. = Syrnium uralense Brehm. 
SCOTIOMIMES bahamensis Bryant, Proc. Bost. Soc. 1859. VIL 114. = Mimus 
Gundlachi Cab. 
SCOTOCERCA Sundevall, Meth. Av. 1872. 7. = Drymoeca Swains. 
Rostro gracillimo, non inciso. Cauda alae aequalii, leviter rotundatae, 
