668 
TRINGITES. — TROCHALOPTERON. 
Urvillei Garnot, Voy. Urauie Tb. 43. = Charadrius modestus Lichtst. 
vanellus Linne, Fauna suec. 176. = Vanellus cristatus Meyer. 
varia Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I. 682. = Tringa cinclus L, 
variabilis Meyer, Wetterauer Annal. 1809. I. 275. = Tringa cinclus L. 
variegata Brünnicii, Ornith. bor. 54. = Totanus calidris Bechst., Philomachus 
pugnax Möhr. 
virgata Gmelin, Syst. Nat. I. 674. = Strepsilas virgata Schleg. 
Wilsoni NuïTALL, Man. Ornith. II. 121. = Tringa minutilla V. 
TRINGITES rufescens Cabanis, Journ. Orn. 1856.418.== Actitis rufescens Schl. 
TRINGOIDES Bonaparte, Saggio una distr. 1831. — Gray, Genera Birds III. 
543. — Baird, Birds NAmerica 735. = Actitis BoiE. 
Upper mandible grooved to the terminal fourth; the bill tapering and rather 
acute. Cleft of mouth only moderate; the culmen about fivesixths the commissure. 
Feathers extending rather further on side of lower jaw than upper, the former 
reaching as far as the beginning of the nostrils; those of the chin to about their 
middle. Bill shorter than the head, straight, equal to the tarsus, which is of the length 
of middle toe and claw. Bare part of tibia half the tarsus. Outer toe webbed 
to first joint; inner cleft about to the base. Tail much rounded; more than half 
the wing. 
Actitis hi/poleucus, A. macularius, A. Bartramius. 
TRIORCHIS Leach, Cat. brit. Mus. 1816. = Pandion Savg. 
TRIORCHIS Kaup, nat. Syst. 1829. = Buteo Cuv. 
TRIPOBROTUS compressus Cabanis, Journ. Ornith. 1861. 243. 
TRIPSURUS (Picidae) Swainson, Class. Birds 1837. 311. = Picus flavifrons Spix. 
auritus Eyton, Ann. mag. nat. hist. 1845. XVI. 229. = Picus auritus Malh. 
Bill as in Leuconerpes, but the nostrils are thikly covered with incumbent 
bristles as in the typical genus Picus. Feet very large, but the versatile and the 
anterior toes are of the same length. The Tarsus considerably shorter than either. 
TRIPTORHINUS Cabanis, Wiegm. Arch. 1847. 219. Pteroptochus Kittl. 
orthonyx Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 20. = Pteroptochus orthonyx Gray. 
parodoxus Cabanis, Mus. Heine. II. 20. = Pteroptochus parodoxus Gay. 
TROCAZA (Columbidae) Bonaparte, Consp. Av. 1855. IL 45. = Columba L. 
Remex prima brevior quam quinta, tertia omnium longissima; rectrices acumi- 
natae. Magnitudo Palumborum. 
Bouvryi Bonaparte, Compt. rend. 1855. XLI. 659. = Columba tencora Webb. 
Heinicken, laurivora Bonaparte, 1. c. = Columba laurivora Webb. 
Meyeri Bonaparte, 1. c. — Columba Meyeri March. 
TROCHALOPTERON (Crateropodinae) Hodgson, Journ. as. Soc. 1843. 952, — 
Gray, Genera Birds 1846. I. 225. = Garrulax Less. 
Bill moderate, with the culmen much curved and the sides compressed to the 
tip, which is strongly emarginated; the lateral margin slightly curved and the gonys 
short and ascending; the gape furnished with a few long bristles; the nostrils lateral, 
basal, sunk in a groove with the opening anterior, exposed and rounded. Wings 
moderate and rounded, with the seventh and eighth quills the longest. Tail mod- 
erate and much rounded on the sides. Tarsi much longer than the middle toe 
and covered in front with very broad scales. Toes long, with the outer toe rather 
longer than the inner and united at its base. 
affinis Blanford, Journ. as. Soc. 1872. II. 46. = Garrulax a/finis Hodgs. 
Austeni Jerdon, Journ. as. Soc. 1870. 105. — Cachar Hills. 
Blythi Verreaux, Bull. nouv. Arch. Mus. 1870. VL 33. — China. 
cachinnans Jerdon, Ibis 1872. 306. = Garrulax cachinnans Bl. 
chrysopterum Jerdon, Ibis 1872. 304. = Garrulax chrysop)terus Bl. 
cineraceum Godw. Austen, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1874. 45. Tb. 1 1. — Nag a Hills. 
erythrocephalum Jerdon, Ibis 1872. 304. = Garrulax erythropterus Br-. 
Ellioti Verreaux, Bull. nouv. Arch. Mus. 1870. VI. 33. — China. 
Fairbanki Blanford, Journ. as. Soc. 1869. 171. = Garrulax Fairbanki Bl. 
formosum Verreaux, Bull. nouv. Arch. Mus. 1869. V. 34. — Thibet. 
