2, 1893.] TME TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
Fonndry (Gop*l Naioker & Co.) turned out 863 
BUgar-oane mills, valued at R23,345. There was a 
Stetl Manufactory at Knlitalai, the Ashley Wokrs 
at Goonoor, »nd ihe Baeel Miscion Mechanioal Estab- 
liKhtoent in South Canara. Of Mineral and Aerated 
Water Msniifactories 38 ere returntd. There weri 
16 'I'ile Manufaotorif s, viz., 13 in South Canara and 
3 in Malabar, 5 Su{;ar Faotories, and II Tanneries. 
—Madras Times, Sept. 21. 
CEYLON AND WHAT EEMAINS OF HER 
COFFEE ENTERPRISE: 
HOW THE 30,000 ACRES STILL UNDER 
CULTIVATION ARE DISTRIBUTED. 
In 1877-78, ooffee reached its maximum area of 
ouhivation in Ceylon with the aggregate close on 
280,000 acres. Six years later, and no less than 
100,000 acres of this ex'.cni had either been aban- 
doned or praotioally superseled by cinchona, tea 
or other cultivation. Six yeera later still, in 1890, 
the area under coffee was returned at n ) more 
than 54,00U acres, and now in 1893 it has sunk 
to 30,000 acres exclusive of about 2,500 acres 
under the Liherian variety. So great a transform- 
ation in agricultural enterprise within a period not 
exceeding haU-a-generation — as euoh is reckoned in 
temperate zones— has surely never been witnessed 
in the world's history before. 
It is of interest at this time to know over what 
districts in Ceylon the 30,003 acres that remain 
of the old staple— coffee Arabica—a.te distributed. 
North as well as South of Kandy, in districts ihat 
weie once the stronghold of the coffee bush, 
soaroe an acre now remains I For the Knuckles, 
Rangala, Dolosbage and Nilambe districts, for 
inslanoe, no return whatever is made by a single 
planter, — under cofiee the record is absolutely nil. 
It is no better in Ambagamuwa and Lower 
Dikoya ; while only a very few acres appear 
for Kelebokka, Huuasgiriya, Medamahanuwara, 
PuSEellawa, Ramboda, the Hewahetes and Kot- 
male. Dumbara, Hantane, the MataUs and 
Pundaluoya show a little more; but altogether in 
the Kandy districts proper, betw eeu Rimboda and 
Matale and Dolo=bage and Medamahanuwara, once 
the mainstay of the cofiee enterprise, with perhaps 
100,000 acres under cultivation, the total under 
oofiee now does not exceed 3,500 acres! 
We now come to the three higher districts be- 
tween Adam's Peak and Great Western, which 
could fifteen to sixteen yesrs ego show over 80,000 
aoics cultivated with cofiee. Here is the return 
for the present dsy : — 
Dirabula 3,633 acres coffee 
Dikoya 2,820 „ ,, 
Maskeliya 397 „ „ 
Total 6,850 ,; „ 
We now come to the Principality — to Uva and 
its allied districts — in which, for our purpose today, 
we include Matuiata as well as Udapussellawa, 
and although compared with the maximum return 
fifteen or even ten years ago, out figures show 
a woeful decrease — still, it is a matter of satis- 
faotioD that so much good oofiee remains 
especially in Haputale, and still more that in 
place of every acre superseded, we have full 
oompensatiou in flourishing tea or cacao. Uva 
could at one time boast of well-nigh 50,000 acres 
of ooffee. Here is now the record with some 
p.\tra districts : — 
Haputale 
West 
Badulla 
Passora 
^adalaima (lud Hewa 
8,432 acres coffee 
570 
i» 
3,853 
1,550 ,, 
1)558 II 
II 
Monaragala 
New Galway 
Udapussellawa 
Maturata 
164 acres coffee 
293 „ 
2,727 „ 
694 „ 
Total 19,841 „ „ 
Or let us say 20,000 acres which ia equal 
to two-thirds of the whole ooffee extent 
in the island. Moreover we are glad to 
learn that in certain parts of Uva, (as in 
Dumbara) suooeesful clearings with the old staple 
are being established, while the greatest care is 
being taken of the fields that remain. When 
during the present year, Uva planters have sold 
their ooffee as high as E15'25 per bushel, it is 
scarcely to be wondered at that this should bo 
the case. 
As regards Liberian ooffee, the 2,500 acres oulti- 
vated are chiefly distributed between the Kurunegala, 
Kegalla and Polgahawela, Matale North and West 
and certain lowcountry districts ; but there is no 
reason why a considerable extension should not 
take place. We hope to hear of further experi- 
ments being made with the Nalkanaad-Coorg and 
the Mysore-hybrid coffees, as also with the hybrid 
between the Liberian and Arabian kinds reported 
some time ago to have been established in the 
Peradeniya Gardens. 
CEYLON EXPORTS AND DISTRIBUTION, 1893. 
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