Ffife. i, 1894. J 
THE TROPICAL AGRiCULTURtSt, 
CEYLON MANUAL OF CHEMI- 
CAL ANALYSES. 
A H \.NIM100K OF ANALYSES CONNECTED WITH THE 
INDUSTRIES AND PUHLIC HKAIA'H OF CEYI.ON FOR 
PLANTERS, COMMERCIAL MEN, AGRICULTURAL 
STUDENTS, AND MEMBERS OF LOCAL BOARDS. 
Bv M. COCHKAN, M.A., r.c.s. 
(Continued from page 452. > 
Coconut Poouac. 
(Jocoiiufc poonac is the residue of the kernel 
of the fruit of the coconut palm, (cocos nm-lfera) 
after the {,'reater part of the oil has been expresseil 
from it. As a manure it is much inferior to castor 
cake. The following two analyses exhibit its 
composition : — 
Analyses of Coconut Poonac. 
Moisture 
Organic matter 
Soluble ash 
Sand 
Nitrogen 
Equal to ammonia 
per cent, per cent. 
1300 
11 -20 
80 79 
79-70 
509 
6-47 
1-12 
2-63 
100-00 
100 -oo 
3-33 
3-64 
4 04 
Crushed Talloio Oil Co.ke, 
This substance is made from the seeds of one 
<»f tiie Tallow trees. An analysis to test its 
value as a maiuire yielded tiie following results. 
Analysis of Crushed Tallow Oil Cake, 
• per cent. 
Moisture ... ... ••• 10- 
* Organic matter ... ... 86-30 
Ash ... ... ... 3-70 
* Containing nitrogen 
A'aluablc ash 
Sanil 
10000 
2-31 
2-51 
1-19 
The aainple was in a fine state of mechanical 
division, 92'6 per cent, passing through a sie\e of 
10 meshes to the lineal inch and 82-4 through a 
sieve of 28 meshes to the lineal inch. 
-Fudging from the chemical analysis it is not 
equal to coconut poonac as a manure. 
VHOSPHOIUC ACID MANURES. 
The following are the manures which are pur- 
oliascd for their piiosphatic ingredients only :— 
Hone usli, animal charcoal, mineral phosphates, 
such as pliospliorite and coprolite, siiperplio'spliates 
from n\incral pliosjihates, supcr[>hospliat('s from 
bone ash, animal cliarcoal, precipitated phos- 
j)h utes and hwvi alajj. 
. from 
Bone Ash. ^ . 
The two following analyses quoted 
"Chemistry: Tlieoretical, Practical and Analyti- 
cal" shew respectively the compoi^ition of pure 
bone ash from the mixed carcase Iwnes of an entire 
ox, and also the composition of a commercial 
sample of bone ash ; — 
Analyses of Bone Ash. 
Water and carbon 
' Phosphoric ficid 
Lime 
Magnesia ... 
Oxide of iron 
Carbonic acid, alkalies | 
and substances not |- 
deterniined J 
Siliceous matter 
Equal to tricalcic 
phosphate 
Pure. 
1-86 
39-55 
52-46 
102 
•17 
4-43 
•51 
100^00 
86 3* 
Commercial. 
6-70 
33^68 
4337 
114 
•58 
4-84 
9-69 
lOO^OO 
73-52 
From 70 to 75 per cent, tricalcic phosphate 
represents the commercial standard of purity for 
tliis article. 
Animal Charcoal. 
The following according to Krocker is the 
avei-age composition of animal charcoal ; — 
per cent; 
Moisture 
Caibon and volatile matters 
Lime 
* Phosphoric acid ... 
Carbonic acid 
Sand 
Other matters 
2-.350 
12- 388 
38-416 
29690 
2-400 
13- .S0O 
1-458 
100-000 
• Equal to tricalcic phosphate ... 64-105 
The composition of waste animal charcoal varies 
between wide limits, depending on the use to ■which 
it has been put. It is only when its power of 
decolorising liquids for which it is chiefly used in 
the arts has become spent, that it is sold to the 
manure manufacturer, to be converted ii»to 
superphosphate. The following, according to 
K. Weber, represent the limits between which 
the ingredients of animal charcoal vary. 
Composition of Spent Animal Charcoal. (Weber.) 
Phosphates ... from 50 to 82 per cent. 
Calcium carbonate ,, 5 to 10 ,, "' 
Eree lime ... ,, 1 to 6 ,, 
Sand ... .. „ 2 to 28 ,, 
Water and carbon ,, 9 to 26 „ 
Min end Ph osph a tcs. 
These are mostly used for the nianufactnre of 
superjdiosphate ; but when finely ground may hi 
applied to th« ^ioil dii;e<;t. TUq fvHowing from 
