March i, 1894.] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
585 
bones or Peruvian guano and sulphuric acid, 
or by heating mineral phosphates in the same 
way, and adding sonic nitrogenous material, such 
as sulpnate of ammonia, to the mixture. In 
the case of superphosphate made from bones, 
two kinds are distinguished. When about one- 
third or less of the bone phosphate has been 
renilered soluble by treatment with sulphuric acid, 
the resulting manure is termed vitriolated bones, 
when more than a third of the bone phosphate is 
rendered soluble, the resulting manure is called 
dissolved bones. The following are examples of 
vitriolated and dissolved bones : — 
Vitriolated 
bones. 
'Macadam.) 
Dissolved 
bones. 
(Macadam.) 
Soluble Phosphate 
G-87 
8-31 
11-74 
14-92 
(Equal to Bone Phos- 
pospliate rendered 
soluble) 
(10-72) 
(12-96) 
(18-32) 
(23-28) 
Insoluble phosphate ... 
27-72 
25-34 
9-86 
16 14 
Hydrated sulpliate of 
lame... 
26-28 
26-28 
36-24 
32-16 
Alkaline Salts 
2-64 
217 
2-18 
2.56 
Silica 
3-43 
513 
3-62 
31 2 
* Organic matter and 
Ammonia 
20-82 
19-65 
20-52 
17-64 
Moisture 
12-24 
1312 
15-84 
13 46 
100-00 
100-00 
100-00 
100-00 
* Ammonia 
2-46 
2-46 I 
216 
2-83 
The following is the composition of a sample 
of dissolved bones imported to Ceylon : — 
per ('ent. 
Soluble Phosphate ... .. 12-53 
Equal to Bone Phosphate rendered solu- 
ble ... ... ... (19-62) 
In.soluble Phosphate ... ... 17-06 
Hydrated Calcium Sulphate ... 31-68 
Alkaline Salts, Magnesia, &c. ... 2-90 
" f)rt;anic matter. Ammonia, &c. ... 19-89 
Moisture ... ... ... 10-10 
.Siliceous matter .. .. 5-84 
100-00 
* Containing Nitrogen equal to Ammonia 2-7S 
NITROGENOUS AND POTASSIC 
MANURES. 
Tlie best example of this kind of manure is 
the substance met with in commerce under the 
names nitrate of potash, nitre, or saltpetre. 
"What is met with in commerce, varies in com- 
position, to a very great extent, according as it 
is crude or refined nitre. It is a substance, 
therefore, which should be purchased under 
some guarantee as to the percentage of real nitre 
present. 1 iiave had samples submitted to me 
lor analysis \\nder the name of nitre which con. 
tained from 3-22 to 93-25 per cent of real nitrate. 
The following are examples ; — 
Analyses of Nitrate of Potash. 
per 
per 
per 
per 
per 
cent. 
cent. 
cent. 
cent. 
cent. 
iVloisture ... 
y o4 
D lU 
o .n 1 
Or^ciJiic matter 
1 04 
Oaloiuin Sul- 
],ili«ite 
1 .Ql 
(JalciuMi Nitrate 
•A 1 
•*/ 
i >ii 
• 1 0 
iVIa^' 11 e s i u ni 
Sulphate 
1-04 
•46 
■26 
Todiuiii sulphate 
-.36 
!)<► chloride 
on UU 
O 4/ 
0 /Z 
Potassium sul- 
phate . . . 
■V. 
Potassium chlo- 
ride 
52-64 
6-31 
8^38 
Pota.ssium ni- 
trate 
3-22 
47-83 
79^08 
91-40 
93-25 
Tnsolulile mat- 
ter 
1-69 
•96 
-04 
•09 
100-00 
100-00 
100-00 
10000 
100-00 
Nitrogen 
-45 
6-70 
11-03 
12-65 
12-91 
Potash 
34-74 
27-05 
42-14 
42 58 
53 45 
PHOfiPBORIC ACID AND POTASH 
MANURE. 
There are no very concentrated manures of 
this class met with in commerce ; but certain 
plant ashes, turf ashes and coal ashes may be 
taken as examples. 
GENERAL OR CONCENTRATED COM- 
POST MANURES. 
The compost manures previously noticed had 
their valuable constituents mixed with so mucli 
comparatively worthless material that they .scarce- 
ly come under the class of commercial manures at 
all, but may be profitably prepared on the 
estate, or near to the place where they are to be 
applied. We have, however, examples of com- 
mercial manures, which supply all the essential 
ingredients of plant food in a concentrated form, 
such for example is the superphosphate manure 
called Sonibreorum, formerly well known in 
Ceylon, an analysis of -which will be found 
at page 4S9, vol. 1892-93. The following mixture 
of white castor cake, bone meal and nitre aflbrds 
anothei- example of this class of manure : — 
A iialif.'i-is of a mixture of White Cmtor Cake. 
Bone Men/, and Nitre. 
per cent. 
Moisture .. ... ... 7-52 
Organic matter .. ... 46-96 
Plios])horic acid ... .. 9-04 
Lime ... ... ... 11-54 
Salts of Potassium ... .. 18 -.52 
Carbonic acid. Magnesia Alkaline 
Salts, &c. ... ... ... 3-68 
Insoluble Siliceous matter .. 2^74 
100-00 
Nitrogen ... ... .. 6^88 
Equal to Ammonia ... ... s-35 
• Equal to Tricalcic Pho.spliate ... 19^7.-i 
We have additional e\am])les of cdiiciMUrat^ii 
compost, or complete manures in the fertilizers 
known as Odam s special fcnilizei-s for coffee, tea, 
and tobacco. The following :ue examples 
of these, the analyses hein? by well-known 
chemisis : — 
