6S6 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
[April 2, 1894. 
2. Usable Water. 
3. Suspiciout Water. 
Character or Constituents. 
Physical characters 
Chemical Constituents. 
Colourless or 
slightly greenish 
tint; transparent, 
sparkling and well 
aerated, no sus- 
pended matter, or 
else easily separ- 
ated by coaree 
filtration or sub- 
sidence; no smell, 
taste palatable. 
jirains per gallon. 
1 Chlorine in chlorides under 
2 Solids in solution total ,, 
„ volatile ,, 
3 Ammonia, free or saline ,, 
,, albuminoid „ 
4 Nitric acid No, ,, 
in nitrates ... ,, 
Nitrous acid No^ in nitrites 
5 Oxygen absorbed by organic 
matter in 15 niin. by per- 
manganate and acid @ 
80*F. (27®C.) under 
Do in 4 hours at 80 » F. 
(27 =■ C.) under 
6 Hardness, total 
,, iixed ,, 
7 Phosphoric acid in phosptates 
Sulphuric acid in sulplates 
8 Heavy metals, iron 
9 Hydrogen sulphide, alkaline 
sulphides 
Microscopic characters 
3-OOOOa 
.30.00006 
3 00006 
0 0035c 
00070rf 
1 0-3500e 
•^nil 
0 0210/ 
0-1050 
1200 
4®0 
traces 
2 0000fif 
traces 
nil 
Same as No. 1. 
Remarks.— In some usable waters such as 
peat waters, the colour may be yellow or even 
bl-ownish. In some also the taste may be flat, 
or only moderately palatable- 
re This may be much larger in waters near the 
sea, deep well waters or waters from saline 
strata. 
6 The solids may blacken but ne nitrous fumes 
should be given off. 
c This may be greater in deep well waters. 
d This may be larger in upland surface waters, 
peat waters, &c., when the source is chiefly 
vegetable. 
e The amount of nitrates varies greatly so that 
an average is of doubtful value. 
/ The oxygen absorbed may be greater (about 
double) in upland surface waters, peat waters, &c. 
g In some waters the amount may be larger. 
A water such as the above will in most cases 
be usable, but it will be improved by filtration 
through a good medium. 
Character or Constituents, 
X iiybicdi c [ukr BiC i»tr rh ... 
Yellow or strong 
green colour, tur- 
bid ; suspended 
matter consider- 
able ; no smell, 
but any marked 
taete. 
Chemical Constituents. 
Grains per gallon. 
1 Chlorine in chlorides 
2 Solids in solution total 
„ volatile 
3 Ammonia, free or saline 
,, albuminoid 
4 Nitric acid No, in nitrates 
Nitrous acid No^ in nitrites 
5 Oxygen absorbed by organic 
matter in 15 min. by per- 
manganate and acid @ 
SOep. (27®C.)... 
Do in 4 hours at 8G * 
F. (27«'C) 
6 Hardness, total above 
fixed ,, 
7 Phosphoric acid in phosphates 
Sulphuric acid in sulphates. 
8 Heavy metals — iron 
9 Hydrogen sulphide, alkaline 
sulphides 
Microscopic characters 
3 to5a 
30 to 50 
3 to S 
0 0035 to 0-0070 
0-0070 to 0-0087 
0-36 to 0-70 
0-03.50 
0-0350 to 0-0700 
0-J500 to 0-2807 
12® -00 
4= 00 
heavy traces 
2-00006 
traces 
nil 
^'egetable and 
animal forms more 
or less pale and 
colourless ; orga^ 
nic debris ; fibres 
of clothing, or 
other evidence of 
house refuse, 
Remarks. — When the impurity is mostly 
vegetable, the colour may be very marked in 
usable Avater. 
a In some cases the chlorine may be greater. 
b This may sometimes be larger, 
A water such as the above ought to excite sus- 
picion ; its use ought to be suspended until en- 
quiries about it can be made ; if it must be used, 
it ought to be bailed and filtered. 
