724 
THE TROPICAL AGRtCULTtJKI^. 
[M/y I, 1894. 
Worms accustomed to an active, out-of-door life, felt 
he could not live in town, and he took a farm from 
Lord Leigh in Warwickshire ; but he did not long 
survive in the ((reacherous English climate, dying in 
about 18 months after his arrival from Ceylon, aged 
62 years. Mr. Gabriel Worms took up his residence 
in New Bond Street and there we visited him in 
1869, and again in 1878, to find his interest as 
keen as ever in everything connected with Ceylon . 
But he had also established new interests and among 
other things he shewed us a cabinet with the 
reports and papers of nearly every Charitable and 
Philanthropic Institution in the Metropolis, and of 
which he was a liberal but judicious supporter- 
Many widows and orphans connected with Ceylon 
had also occasion to.bless the generous heart of Mr. 
Gabriel Worms during the sixteen years that he 
survived his return to England. He passed away 
in his 80th year on the 17lh October, 1881, widely 
regretted both in this island and in the Metropolis : 
Feace lo the memory of men of worth ] 
CEYLON TEAS IN 1893 : 
ANNUAL KBPORTS OF MBSSflS. WILSON 
SMITHETT & CO. AND MESSRS. GEO, 
WHITE & CO.* 
We now fulfil our promise to republish both 
the above VBluable Reports and great oare has 
been taken to guard BgainBt any errors creeping 
in in ibe rtprinting. There is little ocoaBion to 
draw attention to the Ealient features of thu Rt'portp, 
because both are admirably arranged and div;dcd 
aocordiDg to dibtiuoiive headings. 
It vfill be observed that Mtssrs, Wilson, 
Smitheit & Oo. treat of the sales aitogeiber 
last yeai' some 69 million lb. tl tea 
against 66 million in 1892. It will be seen also 
that there is still the complaint about Email breaks, 
Ceylon tea salea comparing unfavourably in this 
respect with ibose of India. It is surely time this was 
rectified, rnore especially as it is so clearly to the 
iatertsts of ihe producers themtjelves not 10 send 
breaks of a size not likeiy to tempt full attention 
from buyers. Turning to the Sales, at the 
head of the list for qnantsties we have the great 
Diagama, Galaha, K. A. W. and Mariawatte 
jyactories which sent altogather for the 
four no leS3 than 2,638,500 lb. — of which Dia- 
cama gave as miioh as 024,000 lb. at the 
really spleudiJ. average of Lgd per lb. Of indivi- 
duhl properties m Ceylon, it appears to us that 
the laira of Henfold is most to be envied with sales 
of 229,500 lb. oi tea at an average of Is Id — one 
of the' very few averages that show an improve- 
ment on 1892. The highest averages of all recorded 
for last year arelhose of St. Leonards with Is 5Jd for 
40,500 lb., and Ormidale with Is 4§d for 47,5U0 lb. 
We may extract here all the averages recorded from 
one shilling upwards :— 
Averaging, 
lb. p. d. 
St. Leonards .. 40,500 1 5i 
OrmiJale .. 47,500 1 4J 
DesBford .. 143,500 1 IJ 
Henlold .. 229,500 1 1^ 
* Bee Special Supplement given with Daily Observer 
and Trortical Ayricullurist—we much regret the 
delav in issuing both Reports : the alterations m 
the buildipg of office are to blame.-ED. T-A. 
'I'omra'gnng 
UuaiMi 
Norw od 
Peiiro . . 
Kell.ebedde 
Waverley 
Portswood 
Car'aheck 
Hapjotella 
Averaging. 
)b. s. d. 
.. 63. 1 i)i 
.. I6i,5i>U 1 04 
.. 160,500 1 04 
.. 42.500 1 OJ 
.. 20,500 I 01 
.. 415,500 1 0 
.. 77,500 I 0 
.. 66.000 1 0 
.. 40,000 1 0 
We next come to the Districts — ranging from Dim- 
bula wiib 12 million lb. of tea and an average of 
lO^d — thus taking the premier place over the 
Nuwara Kliya group and Boi^awantalawa this year 
—down lo Oalle district with 327,000 lb. of tea ard 
an average of 7|d or better than in 1892 The 
average (or the island last year being 94, the fol- 
lowing are the districts above that rate in order of 
mei it :— Dimbula, Nuwara-Eliya-Maturata-Udapus- 
sellawa, Bogawantalawa, Dikoya, Uva and 
Maskeliya while Hewaheta just reaobee the 
average. 
How the Home Consumption of our teas has rieen 
ia seen from figures which give 
115 million lb. of China in 1883 against 
only 36 do do do 1893 ; while 
59 do India sod OeyloD in 1883 oontrMt 
with 172 do do do 1893. 
Adding 50 per cent to the last-mentioned figures to 
reduce them to the " China" standard, we get a total 
consumption equal to 294 million lb. " Obina " in 
1893 against only 203 million in 1863 ! An increase 
in csosumptioa of 91 million lb. in te%j|[eare iu the 
United Kingdom is, purely, ^atlsfaclory evidence of 
the effect ol lower prices. 
MeaLtime, thai we huve a great deal lo do yet in 
fig tiling against "China" in lureign markets is 
ttiowu by Ihe re-exports Ceylon and Indian 
lees Ue.ng utdtr 7i million, while o( " China, 
Java, &c.," no less than 36 million wtre sent 
out from the United Kingdom in 1893. Ihis 
proves very clearly that we have much work be 
fore us on the Continent of Earupe as well aa 
on the .American Continent. 
Turning cow to the Annual Report of Messrs. 
Geo. White & Co., we are met at the outset with 
the information that "a marked variation in 
quality" was noticeable in teas from the same 
estates in 1893, from Assam and Darjiiing as 
well as from high estates in Ceyloo. The (act 
that the long-established plantations in Assam, as 
well as those so noted for fine teas in Darjiling, 
shew variation in quality quite as much as high 
teas from Ceylon, is cjnsolatory ; because it shows 
that the chief factor must be the weather. It is 
striking, too, how the deliveries fell off in the Spring 
of 1893 in correspondence with the rise in price 
of the lower teas, while the demand recovered later 
on when prices fell. Java teas are spoken of as 
of a ''very useful description" and as being 
shipped direct to Bombay. Oeylon common teas 
ought surely to oust Java from the Indian market, 
especially with the help of •' Travancores." 
The very full comparative table showing Imports 
and Consumption per head in the United Kingdoai, 
given by Messrs. Geo. White & Co., is to oar 
mind a very satisfactory oce. It shows an in- 
crease from 4'66 lb. per head in 1875-6 to 5-45 
lb, per head in 1892-3 ; and considering that in 
the first season of China 149 million lb. were 
imported against 25i the total of British-grown ; 
while in the last the proportions were 172^ mil- 
lion lb. of the stronger teas to 54^ China, the 
rise in the oonsumption of tea per head is 
really very remarkable and no doubt entirely due 
to the lower prices. The oaretql eetiatate prepared 
