728 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
May r, 1894 
thegenuinenessof anampleof milk. Tliese average 
figures are important as giving tlie analyst a 
standard which enables him to certify that a 
given sample of milk is of average or good 
quality ; but it is also important to know how 
far a milk may be below average quality, and 
yet be genuine, and therefoie saleable. 
In the State of New York it is reijuired by law 
that milk offered for sale shall not contain more 
than 88 per cent of water, nor less than 12 per 
cent of milk solids, and 3 per cent of fat 
In Massachusetts the legal standards for milk are 
such that " in all cases of prosecution, if t he milk 
shall be shown upon analysis to ccntain more than 
87 per cent of water, orYo contain less than 13 
per cent of milk solids, it shall be deemed, for the 
purposes of this Act, to be adulterated." 
In Paris milk is condemned, if on analysis, it 
is found to contain less than 2 70 per cent of fat 
4-50 per cent milk-sugar ; 4 .30 per cent caseiue; 
albumen and ash; and 1 1 oO per cent of total solids- 
In England the standards recognised by the .So- 
ciety of Public Analysts for pure milk have been : 
Specific gravity 1030 
jier cent. 
Ash ... ... -70 
Solids not fat ... 9 0(» 
Fat ... ... 2-50 
Total Solids ... 1150 
Water ... ... 88-50 
The non-fatty solids in the above is now 
generally regarded as too high for a minimum 
figure, and milk is passed if it shows 8-5 per cent 
of non-fatty solids, provided otiier indications of 
added water are ab.sent. This fi<;ure wouhl pro- 
bal)ly not be too high for dairy milk in Colombo ; 
but to meet the case of miik from individual 
cows it would probably be necessary to come 
as low as 8 per cent for non-fatty solids. All cow 
milk containing less than 9 per cent but not less 
than 8 per cent of non-fatty solids might be classed 
as milk of fair quality, and all cow milk contain- 
ing 9 per cent and u))wards of non-fatty mUk 
solids might be classed as milk of good quality. 
As a preliminary, however, to prudent legisla- 
tion on the subjectj a large number of samples of 
cow and of buffalo milk, which have been milked 
in presence of a responsible person, slio\ilil be sub- 
jected to analysis. 
The following are examples of what is supplied 
by Colombo milk vendors to their customers : — 
No. 4. 
1-014 
per cent 
2- 96 
3- 17 
•33 
CO 
*?> 
00-001 
0 
No. 3. 
1-019 
per cent 
3-46 
5-83 
-33 j 
9^62 
90^38 
91-9 
00-001 
No. 2. 
1-014 
per cent 
1-950 
4-130 
•39 
CO 
"P 
CO 
o> 
100^00 
No. 1. 
1025 
per cent 
2-650 
6-58 
•50 
CO 
6j 0 
100 00 
7-08 
CO 00 • 
9S 
-p 
<i a d 
-2^ 
The following shews approximately the amount 
of adulteration indicated bj' the above analyse)-: — 
No. 1 contains less than HO |>er cent cow 
milk and more than 20 percent addol water. 
No. 2 contains about 5(( per cent cow milk 
and aVjout .W per cent added water. 
No. 3 contains less than 70 per c«nt of a mix- 
ture of cow and buffalo milk and more than .SO per 
cent of water. 
No. 4 contains less than 40 per cent of niixe<i 
cow and buffalo milk and fully GO i«er cent of 
water. 
The following are a few more analyses of 
Colonibi) milks : — 
Sample of Milk siijt]ilkd to the General Hospital 
in 1888. 
Specific gravity \ 
Temp. 28-5° C.J 
Fat... 
Sugar anil Casein 
Salts 
Water 
J -0205 
per cent. 
3 49 
5 41 
•37 
9-27 
9073 
10000 
Solids not fat .. 5 68 
From its composition the milk was evidently 
inainly burtalo milk, watered to a considerable 
extent. 
Sample of MUk front harr(nck«. 
Specific gravity '| 
Temj). 29" C'. / " 
1-0188 
Fat 
Sugar and Casein 
Salts 
Water 
per cent. 
4 02 
.5 •.52 
•38 
9 92 
90 08 
100 00 
5-9 
Solids not fat 
This was also evidently buffalo milk with fully 
.30 per cent of added water. 
The following was a sample of milk supplied to 
a Colombo hotel : — 
Specific gravity 
Fat 
Sugar and Casein 
Salts 
Water 
1-0213 
per cent. 
5-59 
8 -.53 
•47 
14-59 
85-41 
100 00 
900 
Solids not fat 
Buffalo milk mainly if not wholly. 
The following is the analysis of a sample of 
unsweetened condensed " " ' ~ " 
It is genuine : — 
lilk sold in Colombo. 
per cent. 
Total Solids 
... (31-54) 
Fat 
703 
Sugar 
13-84 
Ash 
1-8: 
Albuminoids 
8-80 
Water 
68 46 
100-0.) 
