120 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. [Aug. i, 1894. 
The clays are oompact, well fired and decorated in 
the style of the Sinha'ese and are unglazed. — The 
ware is shaped by hund and turned on a potters' wheel. 
Department H. Manufactures. — Exhibitor, — S. L. 
Omer Lebbe Marikar, Colombo. Group 97, class 607. 
Exhibit,—" Silver box. "—Award. 
Fine design, carving and ohasiog in silver. 
Department H. Manufactures- - Exhibitor, — Tho 
Ceylon Government, J. J. Grinliuton Colombo, Group 
98. clafs 612. Exhibit,— Jewelry.— Award. 
Gold belt, very fine work in etruacan gold ; also 
eight etruecan gold Decklaces, all of different end 
unusual design". The gold carving is well done and 
the designs particularly good. 
Department II. Manufactures. — Exhibitor, M. J. 
Perera, Colombo. Group 98. c'ass 612— Eihibit, 
Jewelry. — Award. 
Sinhalese Lady's head-dress in five pieces ; the 
gold being carefully and artistically carved, indicating 
superior workmanship. 
Department fl. Manufactures.— Exhibitor, D. D. 
Silva, & Co.; Colombo, Group 98 class 613— Exhibit, 
Jewelry.— Award. 
Bine sapphire combining excellence of outtiDg and 
quality of stone. 
Department H. Manufactubes. — Exhibitor, O. L. 
M. Mohoma Macan Marikar, Colombo. Group 98, 
class 613 — Exhibit, Necklaca cf precious stone's. — 
Award, 
The cat's-eyes in necklace are of fine quality and 
very evenly matohed. 
Department H. Manufacture. — Exhibitor, A. H. 
Ismail, Colombo. Group 98, class 613— Exhibit— 
J e welry. — Award . 
Antique etrusoan gold necklace set with rubies ; 
the workmanship i* exceedingly good. 
Department H. Manufactubes. — Exhibitor, A. T. 
Mohammed Baahy, Colombo. Group 98, class 613 — 
Exhibit— Preoious Atones. — Award. 
Great variety of coloured gemB and for the un- 
usual size and p.rfect quality of Aqua-marine and 
Chrysoberyl. 
Department H. Manufactubes.— Exhibitor, P. T 
Meera Lebbe Marikar, Colombo. Group 98, class 
613— Exhibit— Precious stones.— Award. 
Great variety and quality of coloured gems. 
Depabtment H. Manufactubes. — Exhibitor, A. L. 
Mi Mohama Mohammed, Colombo. Group 98, clats 
613. Exhibit— Jewelry.— Award, 
Ruby and Cat's-eye bracelet, the Rubies and Oat's- 
eye are particularly well-matohed and the workman- 
ship, particularly the setting of the stones is very good. 
Department H. Manufactures.— Exhibitor, Ceylon 
Spinning and Weaving Company. Group 102, 638. 
Eihibit— Oottou Fabrics.— Award. 
Good workmanship of drills and Ceylon coatings. 
Department H. Manufactures.— Exhibitor Hon. 
J. J. Grinlinton tor Ceylon Government. Group 102, 
olass 638. Exhibit— Cotton Fabric— Award. 
Tbe material used is exoellent, and the weave and 
finitb. are good. 
Department H. Manufactures. — Exhibitor, Ceylon 
Government, Colombo. Group 118, class 744. Ex- 
hibit — Brass art ware (trays, pots, flower vases and 
ouspidors) pewter plates. — Award. 
For good workmanship in harEmered brass-work. 
TRINIDAD AND CEYLON CACAO, 
The Grove, July 6. 
Dear Sir, — Under the heading of " Cacao in 
Trinidad," the Botanic Garden's Beport, (see page 
101) has a reference to the discovery in Trinidad 
among the Foresteros of a pod, " which produced the 
uncolourad be an and was of the form which common 
ronscnt accords to Criollo cocoa,'' '' and there 
appeare to be little doubt," the writer adds, "that we 
h iive still the or'gmal variety with us." I write to 
tell you that it may not be the original variety in its 
purity ; because with us it is quite a common occurr- 
ence in Ceylon to find the white or oolourless interior 
in the bean of the Forestero hybrids planted by us. 
Especially among the red varietire are tbe modili 
oatione, and the tendency to revert to the Criollo 
apparent. For, while the tree retains all the robutt 
habit and appearance of tbe Forestero, Ste shape, 
size and luxuriance of growth along with pods cf 
large size and all pointing to ui origin, yet the 
bean has lost its tint. In some cases the dark 
lilac has shaded down to light pink end in othrrs 
the curious phenomenon of tinted o» well as 
altogether colourless beans occur in olb and the 
same pod. 
I send you three pods from different trees of the 
red hybrid variety now eight years old. You will 
notice that the shape cf bean aUo approach! D that 
of tbe Criollo. Ibis, in feet, is what we deside rated 
for Cejlon some years »go, and I think we Lave 
it fairly established now especially in tbe new 
clearing as there are few who plant tbe Criollo 
now-a-days, although it may fetch 10s per cwt. more 
in the Lane. — Yours troly, JAS, LL B. 
[We are indebted to " J. H B." for bis note 
and also tbe specimen pods out of wbiob, as he 
said, there could be taken seeds of different shades 
of oolour — some white and others pink or even 
purple from the same pod.— Eu T.d.) 
ELECTRICITY AND MOTORS. 
Colombo, July 9th. 
Dear Sib, — I presume that what your correspond- 
ent wishes to know is : " What amount of electi cal 
work can be performed by tbe spare power avn.lable 
in a Factory, or elsewhere; also the comiurative 
cost of producing a certain amount of 1 ght either 
by Electrioity cr Coal Gas. 
Although for some centuries subsequent to (he 
researches of tho Greek Philosopher " TbaleB " 
(B.C. 67), Electricity was more cr less a " Fairy 
Tale," at the present day it is a potter vhich can 
be utilised and measured by units in the Fame 
manner as any other power (which is estimated 
according to the amount of work doce in a given 
time.) 
With regard to eleotrio power, it is not a diffi- 
cult matter for a "Planter" or any other person 
who uses power either from a steam engine or 
turbine, to get at the ooet of production, and it 
is an easy matter to calculate what can be done 
in the way of utilizing spare power, and the conse- 
quent cost of producing Electric )i t ht. As cne 
mechanical horse-power is represented by 33 000 
foot pounds of work done per minute, one electi icsl 
horse-power is represented by 746 "watte" per minute. 
The two UDits in estimating electrical horse-power 
are potential or electromotive foroe termed the 
" volt," and the current (or mass of electricity) 
termed the ampere then, volts x amperes = watts. 
In estimating electrical work, another unit ocmes 
into consideration i e. resistance which is termed 
an ohm, and a simple formula, enables anyone to 
calculate electrical work. C = | meaning that the 
quantity of the current equals the electromotive 
force divided by the resistance of the circuit when 
C — Amperes 
E = Volts 
li = Ohm 
A 16 CP, inoandeECent lamps working at a differ- 
ence of potential of 100 volts absorbs -5 to C 
amphere. Taking it at "6 a 16 C. P. lamp 
requires 60 watts, therefore one elecirical fl.P. (746 
watts) will theoretically light about 12 16 CP. 
lamp, but in actual practice as a safe margin it 
is usual to allow about 80 per cent. — effioienpy 
in calculating the ic qui site power- Therefore one 
B. HP, will light 10, 16 O.P. incandescent lamps, 
