Sept. i, 1394.] 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
'59 
Analysis of Brazilian Tourmaline 
Silica 
Alumina ... 
Manganic oxide 
Ferric oxide 
Ferrous oxide 
Magnesia 
Lime 
Soda 
Lithia 
Potash ... 
Boron trioxide 
Fluorine ., 
38 55 
38-40 
•81 
513 
2-00 
•73 
114 
2-37 
1- 20 
•37 
7 21 
2- 09 
100-00 
Zircon. 
The mineral zircon includes the jargoon and 
true hyacinth or jacinth. Some of the best of 
these stones are found in Ceylon. The hard- 
ness of the zircon is about 7 5 and its specific , 
gravity averages 47. The zircon is essentially 
compused of 
Zirconia ... ... 67 
Silica . • ••• 33 
100 
But in addition to these two ingredients 
minute quantities of other oxides are found, 
which are important as conferring different 
shades of color on the stone which may be 
red, orange, yellow, green or brown. 
Orthoclase Felspar. 
Moonstone or adularia is a variety of ortho- 
clase felspar distinguished from common ortho- 
clase by its pearly lustre. The moonstone is 
of greatest value when it has a blue fluores- 
cent appearance. Its hardness is 6 and its 
specific gravity 2'58. It is composed of 
Silica ... ... 64-5 
Alumina .. ... 18.5 
Potash ... ... 17' 
100-0 
'; ; Pearl. \ tt) Lu\ 
Pearl consists of concentric layers of a 
nacreous material of the same nature as the 
mother-of-pearl lining of the shell. It is com- 
posed of carbonate of lime and organic matter. 
Coral. 
The coral that is used for jewelleiy is white, 
pink or red. It is produced from the calcareous 
constituents of sea water by a species of Gor- 
"onidae called corallium rubium. It is composed 
For the most part of ' calcium carbonate, in 
addition to which it contains in very small 
proportion magnesium carbonate, oxide of iron, 
organic matter, and alkalies. 
APPENDIX. 
Note on potash in cattle manure— analysis 
"of ceylon guinea grass— tanning materi- 
als—extracts krom city analyst's reports 
—analyses of australian, bengal, assam 
and cardiff coals—chemical examination 
of chekku coconut oil note <>n specific 
gravity - table of specific gravity of 
water at various temperatures— analyses 
of colombo cows milk oe superior quality 
—table of rainfall for ceylon— purity 
ok the air in different parts of colombo 
—names. symbols and formulae of chemi- 
cal elements and definite compounds 
REFERRED TO IN Tills WORK— TABLE OF THE 
CHEMICAL ELEMENTS, THEIR SYMBOLS, ATOMI- 
CITY AND ATOMIC WEIGHTS* 
Note on Potash in Cattle Manure referring 
to page 419, Vol. XIII. 
These samples of cattle manure are unusually 
rich in potash shewing that the manure had been 
carefully prepared, the litter having been very 
well saturated with the liquid excrements of the 
animals. Much of the cattle manure used in 
Ceylon is poorer in potash and other mineral 
ingredients than the two examples given in the 
text. The following is the analysis of a sample of 
manure drawn by the author from the bulk on a 
Ceylon estate. Though poorer in quality it is 
probably more representative of the average com- 
position of Ceylon cattle manure than the others. 
The cattle had been fed on coconut poonac, 
gingelly poonac and grass, the bedding being 
mana grass. 
Analysis of a, sample of Ceylon Cattle Manure. 
Moisture... ... ... 67 '00 
* Organic matter ... ... 20-09 
** Ash ... ... ,., 12-91 
100-00 
•47 
lunnna 
10 
* Containing nitrogen 
** Containing 
Insoluble silica 
Soluble silica 
Oxide of iron and t 
Lime ... 
Magnesia 
Potash ... 
Sodium chloride ... 
Phosphoric acid .. 
Other constituents 
On the basis of the above analysis the following 
data may be added to the tables for experiments 
in the manuring of tea pages 4 and 5, Vol. XIII. 
and for manuring coffee pages 156 and 157, Vol. XIII. 
In the former case after " Cattle Manure No. 
2 " may be added Cattle Manure No. 3, with the 
following figures under their respective headings:— 
Nitrogen Tabic. 
20 
04 
29 
12 
36 
09 
OS 
21 
For two years' crops 
ouly^SOO lbs. 
(2a) Cat 
tie man 
itta No 3 
> 'Z 
<^ OS 
S c 
8,3U6 
0 6 
29-9 
For two years' crops 
and primings. 
ft T 
20,248 
16-2 
78-9 
