Sept. 1, 1894.] Supplement to the " 
tropical Agriculturist.'' 1 
209 
from the leaves in millions. Most of the Tomato 
fungi ure in their earlier stages quite superficial, 
so tint if remedies are applied in good time 
recovery seems to be possible. All such fruits 
as you have sent should be gathered and buried. 
"If the plants become badly infested remove 
the worst leaves as well as the fruits attacked 
and burn them, then spray the plants thoroughly 
with Bordeaux mixture, using a weak one, 
s;iy 2 oz. of sulphate of copper dissolved in half 
a gallon of water in a vessel by itself, slacking 
2 oz. of quicklime in another vessel, and forming 
into a thin whitewash ; pour this into the vessel 
containing the sulphate of copper solution slowly 
through a hair sieve, then add enough water to 
m ike 3^ gallons ; .stir well, and apply to every 
part of the Tomato plants, coating them evenly 
with the thinnest possible film of the Bordeaux 
mixture, also every part of the house. It will 
not injure the green fruit for use, and that near 
ripening may be cat, as it is not desirable to 
use it over fruit approaching ripeness. The lime 
must be quite fresh and the sulphate pure. It 
may be necessary to repeat the spraying in about 
a week or ten days. Ventilate freely, and top- 
dress with dissolved bones three parts nitrate 
of potash two parts ; mix, and use 4 oz. per square 
yard over a little fresh loam." 
On the subject of " clubbing " caused by the 
attack of eel-worm, the Journal of Horticulture 
recommends the use of phenyle. The following 
directions as regards the use of phenyle for " club " 
in cucumbers will be a guide to those who wish 
to try the remedy in connection with tomatoes : — 
" Soluble phenyle (C c H 6 ) is a cure, provided the 
plants are not too far gone, for when " clubbing " 
has set in so as to affect the foliage nothing 
will cure, though by earthing up the plants aud 
getting new roots from the stem they may 
be continued in bearing some time. Phenyle is 
a preparation of coal tar, and to be of use must 
be soluble ^Little's Soluble Phenyle can be had 
of all druggists). It should be used with soft 
or rain water, quarter pint to four gallons of 
water, mixed well, aud a gallon applied to each 
square yard of bed. You mention the length of 
the border (100 feet), but do not state its width, 
yet ask how much of the liquid to use ? The 
mixture may be applied at intervals of about 
fifteen days, aud it will not injure (like carbolic 
acid) but invigorate the plants, as it is a nitro- 
genous manure. You can, however, use carbolic 
acid, one part to twenty of rainwater, and employ 
a gallon of the solution per square yard, but it 
will act prejudically upon the plants for a time. 
If you would like to still further experiment, pro- 
cure some gas liquor from gasworks, and use 
halt pint to a gallon of water, applying that 
to a square yard of bed. The cysts of the eel- 
worm may resist this, but when they emerge 
as eel-worms they will soon seek "pastures new" 
or wriggle themselves out of existence. The quan- 
tity named is for very strong gas liquor, but it is 
as well to be safe, otherwise it may be used at 
a strength of one part to eight of water — viz., 
one pint to a gallon. It is a sure preventive if 
applied in time." 
Carbonate of copper has also been most suc- 
cessfully used in the case of tomatoe disease 
caused by fungus. The Journal draws to the 
experience of one of its correspondent who 
entirely succeeded in banishing the fungus and 
gathering a very profitable crop of tomatoes 
through the use of carbonate of copper solution. 
He says : — 
" Having read in the Journal of Horticulture 
of the value of carbonate of copper solution, I 
determined to give it a trial, and therefore ap- 
plied to the wholesale drug stores, but was told by 
them, that they kept the copper sulphate but not 
the copper carbonate. I also saw iu the Journal 
a method by which the sulphate may be con- 
verted iuto carbonate. I proceeded to put it into 
practice as follows: — I purchased 4 lbs. of sul- 
phate of copper and 4 lbs. of ordiuary washing 
soda. I placed the sulphate iu a wooden vessel 
and added thereto 9 gallons of hot water, stirring 
this vigorously until thesulphate was all dissolved. 
I then placed the soda in another vessel and dis- 
solved it with a similar quantity of hot water. 
After allowing the two solutions to stand a suf- 
ficient time for the water to become cold I poured 
the soda solution into the vessel containing the 
copper, stirring well to thoroughly mix the two 
solutions, the effect of this being to cause the 
sulphur to part from the copper, the former 
floating as a thick yellow scum on the surface 
of the water, whilst the latter settled to the 
bottom, having the appearance of a thickish brown 
mud. The vessel was then covered with boards 
and left to stand quietly for twenty-four hours 
to give time for completing the partition and 
settling, after which the water with the floating 
yellow scum was most carefully poured off, leaviug 
the sediment undisturbed. This was then collected 
in a pail and placed near the fire until the water 
was all evaporated, leaving it a dry, hard cake 
of a brownish orange colour, this being the car- 
bonate of copper required, and which was stored 
away for use as required. This carbonate of 
copper is insoluble iu water, but soluble in liquid 
ammonia. In using it I dissolved 2 oz. of the car- 
bonate in one pint of liquid ammonia, and mixed 
this in 2G gallons of water, keeping it well stirred 
to prevent any settling and applying it as a fine 
spray with the syringe, using a jet thereon instead 
of a rose end, and breaking the jet into fine 
spray with the forefinger of the left hand. Puriug 
the time necessarily taken up iu obtaining and 
preparing the-e materials the disease had spread 
itself so rapidly that there was not a leaf upon 
the plants unattacked, the disease ceased to spread 
after the first spraying, and I continued through- 
out the remainder of the season to spray at in- 
tervals of ten or twelve days, thus protecting 
the young foliage as formed. I was soon able to 
clear away every leaf showing disease, and late in 
the autumn I had the house again well furnished 
with healthy clean foliage, and also, which was 
of more value, a good second crop of fruit, which 
continued ripening satisfactorily until consider- 
ably after Christmas. I have thus given as clearly 
as I can the methods I followed with the results, 
aud the deductions I have myself drawn from 
them are that by commencing the sprayings 
with this aminoniacal solution of carbonate of 
copper early iu July, before the disease has shown 
itseif upon the foliage, I can practically bid de- 
fiance thereto, as I have proved most surely that 
its spores cannot germinate on foliage thus pro- 
tected. The Bordeaux mixture, consisting of a 
solution of sulphate of copper and lime, is tog 
