3t8 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. [Nov. r, 1894. 
December, 1891, io August. 1892. It was then that 
the speds were »cwn i f the ni/autic Kptculitio' , wlii'-h 
afterwards developed ia Havre ntid I'aric, a sp. eo- 
lation which lante) Dearly during the »h In of 
1892; to uphold which in fac« of luge aupid'ea it 
wan necei-s^ry to deal iu upwards of » milion baga 
o' coffeo, and seed away irom the de:ir innrVet at 
Havre to the cheap-r German mark' ts and t-lsi » 
large quantities of coffee at a lo^x. Thin aptcul.-.tioo. is 
s'iIJ so fresh in people's minds i h-«t it is uni e"e<»»ry 
tn enlarge on it. It has done infinite hur.u to 'li- 
coffee 'radn generally, and it ha- not p^rtx 
b;noutte 1 she majo.it. o' 'he nari icipator i. — titali^t 
L1BERIAN COFFEE. 
We notice tb.it at the London auctions at the 
beginning of the month 90 bigs of TravaLcore 
Liberian Coffee, chiefly bold yellow and brownish, 
Bold at 85s per owt., and at the same time G 
bags of LiberiaD, fine bold bright y.llow, from 
Freetown on the West Coast of Africa realised 
94a Mail, -ept. 27. 
TEA CULTURE IN HAWAII: A NEW RIVAL- 
A CEYLON PLANTER A3 PIONKEB. 
From the Hawaiian Planters' Monthly we have the 
following: — 
It is well known to our renders that an effort to 
raise tea is being made iu Kona, Hawaii, unh r tt.e- 
auipices of the bawaian Colf~e & Tea Cmpa y. 
Tue first crop raised oa it some mumbj 6ii.ee eh,wa 
that a superior article enn be produced, and one 
which Will readily command a go d pr ce- The tea 
veoture is in charge of Mr. Win. G. Wait, who has 
resided in Ceylon a id lias had consider able experienca 
in th3 culture and outing of tea. In a conimuuita- 
tiou published iu the Gazette, Mr. Wait fiyo : 
"Tiie Hawaiian Coffee At iVa Company 's t xperi- 
mental tea garden contains 5, 7 00 hasans. '1 iiese, 
though sptead over an area oi f.ur acr s, 
rep esent only 1 7-12 acre at the tr^per diu.-nce 
of 3 by 4. Abjut 10U0 ui the plants ai^ u for ua ey 
of the Japanese variety aud are wur h.css, le.vi g 
what represtn s less than 1 1-3 aiue of g od by Lri i. 
The first, crop wai taken off a few weeks ago entirely 
from the hyoiids. The.busb.es had, ho #ever, Uceu su p^ed 
moiM than three mouth= byfore, aDtl, awaiting prepa- 
rations for rn-tnufaoture, bad overgrowu aud sbowed 
nothing but hard leaf. The outturn was about 60 lb. 
of coarse Congou, or at the rote ol ubout 4U0 lb. per 
acre and it is to be borut> iu mind that the bu-hes 
were notyet qui'e t vo years old. Tbiste»uas machine 
plucke', machine rolled, una machine tir^il, at a cost 
of about 10 ceuis per ib. as again t 7± in Ceylon. Tuo 
groat saving was, of courte, effected i.. tbe pluck ng, 
which was done by a sptcally-coustructe j uacn.ue 
which, wheuper'ec ed, will atill lurther reduce the cusc. 
The improvements, however, hill be rather iu the moue 
of planting and arraogement of the fields tuau in ine 
principle of the machi e." 
The introductio of machinery in tbe gathering 
and caring of tea, if judiciously done, will no doubt 
reduce its co=t, but it will take time to ormg auy new 
labor-saving machinery to that pa-peetion whiLh will 
insure permanent success. The labor que tion is a 
very important one in connection witn tea, culture, for 
unless its cost can be mateiially reduced by machinery, 
it will be difficult to compete with tne cheap laoor of 
China, India, Japan and Ceylon. Mr. Wait has sent us 
photos ol two oi his machines, toe fusv b.ii_g a novel 
leaf picker, the details oi w.Tjh are njt fully showo, 
au I therefore we omr inserting au l lustra ion ot it. 
The o.her vepresents a tnacuine for to. ling the 
leavee, widen work in China and Japan .s wb lly 
done 'by baud. Mr. Wa.t thi ks that with tie im- 
provements whicn hi- ba^ intro u ed, ea tan be sent 
to market, it a cost ab -ut, lo| tents per puuuet, and 
says further:— ... „ . 
"I have taken as a basis of cjst of cultivation a 
return of 600 pounds per acre, which is ooneidered 
a Mr vield in Ceylon, where, however under a»aten 
of t>xpw*fve f r'.i'izaticri and cul ivai.o-> as rcn^b «s 
1.3C0 p 'u i-iB per acre is a-cund I - i Kona, ho»ev*r, 
all indleattone go to eho* th«t the ordnary yield 
per a> r^ »ill bs eqial to H e l.ighti-t in C»-ylo: , ao 
'in' a re-iiru of 1,209 poui ds p«r acre *ould co9t 
I u 5i per prmnd for colt ta i p, e'e, ant torn ciQld 
be put on tbe maikft tut 13 45c per pound." 
We lave full ruuti lenee in tbia <£firt to tfrow tea 
ou Ha<aii, ant believe that it only require* fair 
te«t by camp-tent pe'oon* to JtiBaoBatiaite that tie 
i -t of tea ian be ;. -1 to -apply al. '.h-t 
may r qui'ed for domestic ConstUBptUw, aid if , o, 
tne wl.< not foe erm rt alao. No good lei far* bj 
h d h j, e now 'or leas than thirty <enU per pou> d, 
and from tlut t if dollar for fancy brands All 
the choice t -a r»ii-e 4 o j Hawaii will pr.» ab y trmxat 
leiat fifty cet't* s p ^und f<ir ! ooie cutiiin im, and 
the qnanti y now imported here ii quite Lrjjt , | ro- 
La'i.'y not le-a ban 230,000 pound* a .u i ll . 
Th t ae iirpriay ib m.re likely to pro»« tuccrsa- 
fully a» It ii carried on in conn* ctioa with c ffee cuituie, 
thuo utilizin.' tho l»b;r of the plantati m vih a not 
trantt d in other tervic>-. Mr. Wait conclude* Lis 
interesting a't cle with the hope thut " with tiaaal on 
the kma or low lands, coffee up to 1,H00 feet, and tea 
on the up-iaudp, a large extent of c uutry nowetitinly 
ut productive, t.nd that i* nearly \>-> -e , 1. • ► of the 
two Koi.au may, eveutumly be paying plantations." 
VARIOUS PLANTING NOTES. 
The B.tiTibH Nokth Lornko Official 
Gazktte cf Is. August con ains P.ocUmaUon Mo. 
'6 of 1694, to amtnd the law renting to Lai ds. 
— Regulutijns ara given as to country, and 
town luida and lan s generally, based chiefly on 
a 999 yeais' lease system. 
Rubber. — A discovery that hicU fair to re- 
volutiouizd tbe gitnering of rubber in tiouth 
Ame tea is tbe an j ot of articles in tn» Am-iioao 
Indiarubber World winch we are quoting into 
ttiio i^fU . Tn. object is toprn^e.-vi. th) ruhb r 
tap in its i.qunl Btatt , and the discoverer haa spent 
18 years iu experimeulo I 
U. S. Department of Agriculture. — Very 
valuab e bul.euns aie issued by thid American 
Depir ment, we have to acknowledge a splendidly 
illustra.ed pamphlet entith d : — '• The pollina.ion of 
pear flowers by Merton £. Watte, special agent. 
Report on experiments made under the direction 
ot B. T, Galloway, Chief cf the difLion of vegetable 
pathology." Alto a pamphlet on some destructive 
potato diseases : whut they are and how to prevent 
them, by B T. Galloway, Chief of the division of 
Vegetable Pathology. 
Indian Tea and New Markets. — Messrs. 
Watsou, bibihi rp & Co., of laicutta write as 
follows in their circular ot 2Gih Sept : — 
Tbe active trade now es ab isbtd tieie with Bomlay, 
Persia, li.ru » »na vxrions otoer places, as Weil as 
the C /lurries, th United Siates and Canai a, ia 
woithy of i he at eaiiou of all interested in the 
trade aa tje prices paid by the buyers for t'jese 
maikets is, in most coses, far above Londjo rates. 
In tue sales under review pekoe souchongs worth 
6 1 tn 6J1 in London sold for as. 7-0 to 7-6 and 
pekoas woith botwe -n 7d and 8j at home fetched 
a- 8 o 9 per lb. As there is no cgu at ptes?nt of 
this gon". uemanu falling off, gro^trs will fi^d it 
wortu th^ir wune tu ihi .k a^iL before passing tl ii 
muhet for L^ur'on where tte h^avy impoits have 
once more begun to tell the utual ia!e. A lurge 
»mouut oi en rgy is now being eserve ly expeuded 
On ope. iug i'p tbe Am rican markeis, wheteas hete 
we b«vc iu Bombay, P tsia anil Turkey a dtmaud 
already created that Only tequues a sufficient supply 
to develops itself into a substantial outlet in the 
immediate future. 
