6 
THE  TROPICAL  AGRICULTURIST, 
[July  i,  1892. 
eighths  cents  and  possibly  five  and  a quarter  ceuts 
would  buy.  This  put  consumers  on  the  qui  rive,  and 
although  they  affected  to  lack  interest,  it  was  evident 
that  they  werejprepared  to  stock  up  liberally  as  soon  as 
the  price  reached  a figure  that  would  warrant  them  in 
such  a course. 
However,  the  markot  did  not  give  way  under  the 
pressure  of  the  unexpected  largo  arrivals  and  there 
seems  to  have  been  good  reason  why  it  should  not  have 
done  so.  The  stock  received  aggregated  about  twenty, 
five  hundred  tODB.  doming  on  a b ire  market,  as  it  did 
it  would  ordinarily  have  1 een  enough  to  have  com- 
pletely unsettled  values.  But,  if  we  are  rightly  informed, 
cnly  a comparatively  email  portion  of  this  stock  will  be 
available  for  ordinary  trade.  At  least  two-thirds  of  it 
was  sold  before  arrival  and  would  not  be  likely  to  come, 
in  whole  or  in  part,  upon  the  market  unless  prices 
should  advance  to  a p int  that  would  warrant  resales. 
We  know  that  at  least  seven  hundred  and  fifty  tons 
be'ong  to  Western  oonEumers  and  that  preparations  are 
now  being  actively  made  to  ship  to  it  to  its  deitiuation 
at  the  earliest  possible  moment.  Of  the  remaining 
seventeen  hundred  and  fifty  tons,  at  least  one-half  is 
under  contract,  leaving  not  more  than  eight  hundred 
tons  to  supply  the  market  f'er  an  interval  of  about  two 
months,  when  the  only  vessel  on  the  way,  the  Bonanza 
with  five  hundred  and  twenty- five  tons  is  due.  This 
last  is  the  only  vessel  due  to  arrive  before  July  next, 
and  in  the  ordinary  course  of  events,  therefore,  the 
trade  would  have  a stock  of  but  thirteen  hundred  and 
fifty  tons  to  draw  upon.  Under  some  circumstances 
this  might  cause  a firm  feeling  and  possibly  an  advance, 
but  it  is  offset  by  the  fact  that  consumers  will  be  well 
supplied  by  stock  deliverable  from  tho  vessels  just  in. 
Conservative  opinion  inclines  to  the  belief  that  we  will 
have  a quic‘  market  for  sometime  to  come  with  prices 
little  or  not  it  all  above  the  present  limit. — Oil,  Paint  and 
Drug  Reporter.  Feb.  1st. 
EUCALYPTUS,  ITS  PRODUCTS  AND 
THEIR  USES. 
Of  the  eucalyptus  tree  there  have  been  discovered  in 
the  neighbourhood  of  135  species,  most  of  which  a-e 
large  tree1.  Eucalyptus  was  discovered  in  Tasmania 
and  is  found  in  great  profusion  growing  in  that  island 
and  in  Australia.  Nearly  two  score  years  ago  it  was 
introduced  into  Europe  and  has  since  been  extensively 
planted  in  northern  "Africa  and  in  various  portions  of 
sontheru  United  States  and  especially  southern  Cali- 
fornia. In  proportions  it  is  a noble  tree,  often  attain- 
ing a height  of  300  or  more  feet.  It  has  a long  narrow 
leaf,  from  6 to  12  inches,  and  from  various  peculiarities 
of  its  leaf  and  bark  has  received  numerous  local  names. 
In  Australia  it  is  know  as  the  “gum  tree,”  aud  the 
“ gums”  are  locally  distinguished  as  red,  white,  blue, 
eto.  In  California  it  is  commonly  known  as  blue  gum. 
Sometimes  the  adjective  is  employed  to  describe  the 
leave*,  in  another,  the  bark,  and  so  on. 
Eucalyptus  first  camo  into  prominence  from  the  fret 
that  its  leaves  were  highly  recommended,  when  properly 
prepared,  as  a specific  in  cises  of  intermittent  fever, 
but  these  claims  have  not  been  completely  established, 
and  it  and  its  products  row  find  their  application  in 
other  directions.  Probably  the  most  valuable  of  its 
constituents  is  the  essential  oi!  which  exists  in  the  leaf 
to  the  extent  of  6 to  8 per  cent.  It  is  fully  believed 
by  many  that  by  planting  the  eucalyptus  tree  in 
malarial  regions  there  can  be  warded  off  the  attacks  of 
malarial  affections.  A theory  advanced  for  this 
action  is  that  the  tree,  being  a most  rapid  grower, 
absorbs  the  moisture  from  the  saturated  earth,  and 
through  the  numerous  and  prominent  stomata  of 
the  leaves,  evaporation  is  rapid,  and  eventually  the 
laud  becomes  deprived  of  its  dangerous  qualities. 
In  addition  to  this  theory  there  is  credence  given 
to  the  supposition  that  the  exhalation  of  volatile 
oil  acts  as  an  autiseptio  aud  disinfectant,  this  latter 
theory  being  probably  more  tenable  than  the  pre- 
ceding one. 
The  most  valuable  products  of  the  trees  are  the 
essential  oil  and  certain  medical  preparations  of  the 
leayes.  There  hss  of  late  come  into  prominence  a 
preparation  resembling  in  its  meihod  of  production 
the  well  known  distilled  extract  of  witch  hazel,  viz., 
the  distilled  extract  f.-oru  eucalyptus.  This  is  a con- 
centrated double  distilled  extract  from  tho  freshly 
gathered  leaves  of  trees  that  are  at  least  7 years  old 
— the  older  the  better.  Th's  is  not  a particularly 
new  article  except  in  its  manner  of  preparation.  Old 
residence  of  California,  and  especially  tho  Spanish  and 
Mexican  inhabitants,  have  for  years  used  infusions 
and  decoctions  of  the  leaf.  As  a standard  remedy 
for  man  and  beast,  they  believe  eucalyptus  to  be  a 
panacea.  This  position  can  d<  t be  substantiated,  but, 
nevertheless,  the  v rtues  of  the  extract  are  many.  It 
can  be  employed  for  most  of  the  ailments  that  the 
oil  is  u=ed  for,  and  has  the  advantage  of  being  much 
cheaper.  By  actual  tests  it  has  been  proven  a cure 
for  headache,  nervous  affections,  and  as  an  antiseptic 
it  has  given  valuable  results  in  its  application  to 
sores,  flesh  wcu:  d*,  inflammations  of  the  various 
mucous  membrane?,  iu  affections  of  the  stomach,  in- 
somnia, etc  It  finds  extensive  application  in  the 
external  treatment  of  lame  back,  bruises,  scalds,  burns, 
etc.  For  cold  in  the  bead,  sore  tbroat  and  the  like 
it  is  also  ot  service.  As  a di-iufectant  it  is  of  great 
utility',  it,  as  well  as  the  oil.  substituting  a very  plea- 
sant-, agreeable  odour  for  disagreeable  and  noiious 
emanations.  A special  application  is  in  the  treat- 
ment of  geci'o  urinary  affections.  Sheep  dealers  aud 
poultry  handlers  fled  it  of  benefit  in  ridding  these 
animals  an  i their  hou-:es  of  vermin  and  for  the  treat- 
ment of  scab  and  other  cutam-i  us  affections. 
As  before  hinted,  this  distilled  extract  has 
been  long  employed,  but  its  present  mode  of 
preparation  is  not  so  primitive  as  that  formerly 
in  vogue.  The  leaves,  in  suitable  containers  and 
with  tiio  proper  proportion  of  water,  are  subjected 
to  distillation,  and  that  portion  of  the  aqueous 
liquid  that  comes  over  at  a temperature  of  340°  F.  is 
saved  and  the  oil  allowed  to  separate  from  it  and 
rise  to  tho  top  in  a conical  separator.  The  liquid 
is  then  put  back  into  the  still  and  redistilled  at  a 
temperature  of  about  230°  F , after  which  it  is 
filtered,  allowed  to  stand  about  a week,  and  then 
decanted  into  bottles  rady  for  the  market,  Euoalypta 
is  a beverago  which  is  thus  prepared  : A certain 
quantity  of  the  distilled  extract  is  combined  with 
carbonated  water  aud  ceit  un  flavorings  aud  put  up  in 
pint  champagne  bottles  Then,  too,  the  same  com- 
pany, the  Eucdyptus  Manufacturing  Co.,  of  Los 
Ai  g"les,  ('a1.,  which  prepares  these  goo  Is,  also  places 
npon  the  market  a m dicated  water  which  is  having 
griat  success.  This  is  extremely  pleasant,  and  physi- 
cians have  found  it  of  much  benefit  iu  catarrh  nnd 
certain  inflammatory  conditions  of  the  stomach. 
As  the  oil  has  without  question  established  for  it- 
self au  impcrtautj;  place  in  oar  materia  medica,  there 
would  sc ‘m  to  bo  a v -lu  .ble  tiel  1 for  preparations 
of  the  character  described.  The  oil,  locally  applied, 
is  a powerful  irritant,  an  ! in  proper  dose?,  iuternally, 
it  is  a stimulating  narco  is  in  cases  of  migraine  aud 
other  forms  of  neuralgia  A?  an  autis.-ptic,  some 
claim  for  it  superiority  over  carbolic  acid,  and  it  cer- 
tainly has  to  its  credit  many  cures  in  the  treatment 
of  skin  affections  aud  ulcerations  where  a stimulative 
antiseptic  application  is  indicated. — Pharmaceutical  Era, 
April  1st. 
NOTES  ON  PRODUCE  AND  FINANCE. 
Why  Is  It! — It  is  unfortunate,  to  say  the  least, 
that  Indian  planters  are  usually  left  behind  their 
Ceylon  comrades  where  any  question  of  organisation 
for  furthering  their  interest  is  concerned.  While  the 
Ceylon  people  have  their  plans  cut  and  dried  the 
Indian  fraternity  are  only  thinking  about  theirs. 
Take  the  case  of  the  Chicago  Exhibition.  Here  is 
the  Ceylon  Commissioner  about  to  start  for  Chicago, 
and  his  plans  have  been  laid  before  a meeting  of 
enthusiastic  Ceylon  planters  and  their  friends  in 
London  and  approved,  while  all  we  know  about  the 
Indian  proposal  is  that  the  Government  of  India 
is  prepared  to  follow  the  lead  of  Ceylon  in  the 
matter  of  being  efficiently  represented  at  Chicago. 
