344 
THE  TROPICAL  AGRICULTURIST. 
[Nov.  i,  189s. 
11. 
The  World’s  Production  of  COFFEE. 
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Acres. 
Tons. 
Tons. 
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ps  3 
Tons. 
Brazil  (including  ex- 
ports from  Rio,  San- 
tos, Bahia,  Pernam- 
buco, and  Ceard)  . . 5 
Java,  Sumatra,  and 
Dependencies  . . . . 
Ceylon 
India  
Central  America  and 
Mexico  (all  coun- 
tries between  United 
States  and  New  Gran- 
ada)   
Venezuela,  Colombia 
or  New  Granada, 
Peru,  Bolivia,  and 
Guianas  
Hayti  and  San  Do- 
mingo   
Cuba  and  Porto  Rico 
The  remainder  of  West 
Indies  (Jamaica,  &c.) 
Arabia,  Madagascar, 
Mauritius,  Reunion, 
Abyssinia,  Mozam- 
bique, and  North- 
East  Coast  of  Africa 
Natal  
Liberia,  West  Coast 
from  Congo  to  Cape 
de  Verde  Islands, 
including  Lagos,  Si- 
erra Leone,  Gambia, 
Gold  Coast,  Elmina, 
St.  Thomas,  St.  He- 
lena, &c.,  &c 
Philippines  (Manila), 
Celebes,  and  rest  of 
Eastern  Archipelago 
Sandwich  Islands  and 
rest  of  Pacific  Isles, 
including  Fiji  and 
New  Caledonia 
Total  ..  . . 5,454,100  740,520128,580  869,100 
The  value  of  the  world’s  production  of  coffee  (about 
17  million  cwt ) would  be  about  70  millions  pounds 
sterling  in  the  wholesale  markets. 
Estimate  of  the  World’s  Consumption  of 
,500,000  465,000 
35,000  1 
500,000 
500,000 
50,000 
7,000 
57,000 
45,000* 
4,000 
300 
4,300 
250,000 
18,000 
2,000 
20, 000 
600,000 
70,000 
15,000 
85,000 
400,000 
40,000 
10,000 
50,000 
320,000 
35,000 
8,000 
43,000 
260,000 
25,000 
10,000 
35,000 
45,000 
5,000 
2,500 
7.500 
320,000 
12,500 
22,500 
35,000 
600 
20 
80 
100 
150,000 
8,000 
12,000 
20,000 
55,000 
7,500 
3,500 
11,000 
8,500 
500 
700 
1,200 
COFFEE. 
Tons. 
Continent  of  Europe  
435,000 
United  States  and  Canada 
Mexico,  Central  American  States  and 
280,000f 
the  West  Indian  Islands  
Brazil  and  the  rest  of  South  American 
30,500 
States  ••• 
Asia  including  India,  Java  and  the 
36,500 
Eastern  Archipelago 
37,000 
Africa  
25,000 
United  Kingdom 
14,000[ 
Australasia  and  Pacific  Isles 
5,U00 
Total  tons  . . . . 
863,000 
• Including  native  gardens  and  Liberian  coffee, 
f What  tea  is  in  the  United  Kingdom  coffee  is 
to  the  United  States,  and  more  specially  the  Southern 
States.  . 
1 The  consumption  of  coffee  in  the  United  King- 
dom rose  to  16,730  tons  so  far  back  as  1847  ; since 
then  consumption  lias  declined. 
This  is  about  the  total  result  in  a year  of  abun- 
dant production.  In  1820  the  world's  consumption 
of  coffee  was  not  more  than  200,000  tons. 
[For  further  information  as  to  these  Estimates 
and  Explanatory  Notes,  reference  can  be  made  to 
“The  Ceylon  Handbook  and  Directory. "] 
III. 
Approximate  Estimate  of  the  TEA  Production 
of  the  World. 
Area 
cultivated  Production.  Exports 
China  
Japan  
India  
Burma  and  An- 
damans ... 
Ceylon  
Java  
Natal  
Fiji,  Jamaica 
America  (Brazil. 
Cal  ifornia, 
and  other 
small  produc- 
ing countries) 
„ ,,  (Besides 
Mate  tea,  in- 
digenous or 
wild)  
Straits  Settle- 
ments and 
other  small 
producing 
countries 
Acres. 
lb. 
lb. 
10.000.000  al,040,000,000  1/240,000,000 
750.000  cT00,000,000  <-45,000,000 
380.000  130,000,000  125,000,000 
20,000*  2,000,000 
255,000 d 80,000.000  <779,000,000 
70,000e  12.000,000  elO.OOO.OOO 
300  f 70,000 
500/  30,000 
10,000 
800,000 
100,000 
20,000,000  5.000,000 
600y 
20,000 
5,000 
Total  acres  11,486,400  1,384,920,000  504,105,000 
a Of  the  300  millions  of  population  of  China  and 
its  dependencies  everyone  who  can  possibly  afford  it, 
it  said  to  drink  tea  morning,  noon,  and  night,  a wise 
habit  in  a country  where  the  water  is  specially  dan- 
gerous from  bad  sanitation,  &c.  The  area  of  un- 
occupied land  suitable  for  tea  planting  is  practically 
unlimitted,  and  as  of  the  tea  planted  much  remains 
unpicked  every  year;  it  may  be  presumed  that  the 
cost  of  the  beverage  is  not  much  hindrance  to  tea 
drinking  among  almost  all  the  adult  population. 
The  cost  of  the  raw  leaf  is  said  to  be  2 d.  alb.;  pick- 
ing, firing,  land-carriage,  and  duties,  export  duty  and 
freight  and  charges,  make  up  the  cost  of  the  better 
teas  to  8d.  a lb.  Inferior  tea  is  often  sold  at  a loss 
at  the  China  ports  as  well  as  in  London. 
b Including  about  45  millions  brick  and  other  tea 
sent  to  Thibet,  Central  Asia,  &c. ; 65  million  lb.  to 
United  Kingdom;  35  million  lb.  to  America  (besides 
Japan);  70  million  lb.  to  Russia,  including  the  export 
to  Siberia  as  well  as  Russia  overland  ; 20  million  lb. 
to  Australia  and  other  places. 
c In  1886-7  Japan  sent  12J  million  lb.  to  Canada 
and  34j  million  lb.  to  United  States,  altogether  471 
million  lb. ; but  latterly  the  export  has  fallen  off.  In 
Japan,  as  in  China,  the  people  drink  an  immense 
quantity  of  tea. 
d A good  deal  of  young  tea ; exports  in  season  1891 
were  over  6S  million  lb.,  and  in  1892  they  will  be 
probably  close  on  79  million  lb, 
e The  Assam  hybrid  plant  is  now  beginning  to  be 
chiefly  cultivated  in  Java.  English  machinery  is 
being  introduced  for  preparing  tea,  and  “Java”  tea 
is  now  an  acknowledged  competitor  of  Indian ; culti- 
vation and  preparation  being  carefully  attended  to. 
/ Acreage  chiefly  of  young  tea. 
g Russia  is  trying  to  grow  tea  in  Central  Asia, 
having  a plantation  at  Soukhum  Kaleli,  to  be  worked 
by  Chinese  coolies ; also,  tea  is  being  tried  in  the 
Caucasus. 
* Part  indigenous  tea  in  Upper  Burma. 
