5oo 
THE  TROPICAL  AGRICULTURIST. 
[Feb.  r,  1893. 
1 nalyses  of  Ceylon  Soils.  (Hughes.)— (Continued) 
Name  of  Rstate 
Do  Distri 
Water  lost  at  212°  F 
♦ Organic  matter  and  combined  Water 
Oxides  of  Iron  and  some  Manganese 
Alumina 
Lime 
Magnesia 
Potash 
Soda 
Phosporic  Acid  ... 
Slnphuric  do 
Carbonic  co 
Chlorine 
f Insoluble  Silicates  and  Quartz 
* Containing  Nitrogen  ...  ... 
* f Containing  Quartz 
The  following  are  analyses 
state  from  South  Coorg,  mad 
William  Pringle.  These  are  also  quoted  from 
the  Tropical  Agriculturist : — 
Analyses  of  Soils  from  South  Coo  re/.  (Pringle.) 
Dunedin 
Tea  and 
Cinchona. 
Cinchona. 
Caca 
Drybnr^h 
Liddesdale 
Kelani  Valley 
Matale 
Udapussellawa 
Dumhara 
1-938 
4 244 
3-333 
l*2i* 
12-838 
IS  002 
16-134 
4*818 
9-811 
9131 
4*038 
10*803 
10*894 
9*030 
5*477 
•449 
*743 
*450 
‘210 
*484 
-271 
•045 
•081 
'240 
170 
•353 
•O'  G 
•104 
•024 
•010 
•083 
•13  L 
•175 
•064 
•001 
•014 
*041 
•020 
•120 
•891 
•531 
•201 
•003 
•005 
•005 
•009 
G3-768 
55-905 
61-894 
79-878 
109-000 
100-080 
109-OU0 
100  0;  0 
■117 
*49ri 
•501 
*114 
11-020 
7-890 
8-660 
14-680 
>ils  in  the  dry 
Mr. 
Pringle  also  made  the  tw 
Wariapolla 
Matale 
2 781 
9 1S3 
I'll  1 1 
9 mi 
■287 
•5?4 
■301 
•223 
■118 
•05G 
•451 
■004 
63  0 2 
100*000 
•129 
12  280 
A. 
. B. 
C. 
* Organic  matter  and 
combined  water 
9-530 
8-080 
5'47  5 
Oxides  of  iron  and 
alumina  ... 
13-065 
6-861 
7-844 
Lime 
•522 
120 
•380 
Magnesia  ... 
•396 
•446 
•101 
Potash 
•044 
•127 
•042 
Soda 
•019 
•063 
•020 
Phosphoric  acid 
■135 
•039 
122 
Sulphuric  acid 
•128 
•079 
•013 
Chlorine 
•003 
•001 
•002 
Insoluble  Silicates 
76T58 
84-184 
86-001 
100-000 
100-000 
1 oo-ooo 
* Containing  Nitrogen 
143 
•292 
•089 
Equal  to  Ammonia  ... 
•174 
■355 
•094 
Moisture  in  air-dried 
sample... 
3-24 
12-130 
1-780 
The  mechanical  condition  of  B was  probably 
very  different  from  A and  C,  as  there  is  nothing 
in  the  chemical  composition  of  B to  account 
for  its  high  percentage  of  moisture  in  the  air- 
dried  state,  as  compared  with  A and  C. 
On  the  above  analyses  Mr.  Pringle  recommended 
the  conservation  of  moisture  in  A and  C by 
means  of  shade,  and  the  use  of  ‘as  much  good 
cattle  manure,  made  by  bedding  the  cattle  with 
ferns  and  leaves,  as  possible.’  Both  being  deficient 
in  potash  he  recommended  1 cwt.  per  acre  of 
nitrate  of  potash. 
A requiring  nitrogenous  manure  as  well  as 
potash,  and  also  phosphoric  acid  to  prevent 
soil  exhaustion,  he  recommended  for  this  coffee 
land  2 cwts.  bone  meal  and  1 cwt.  nitrate  of 
potash  per  acre,  the  manure  to  be  mixed  with 
one  cubic  yard  of  burnt  earth,  or  2 bandy  loads 
of  cattle  manure. 
B being  deficient  in  phosphoric  acid,  and  rich 
iu  nitrogen,  he  recommended  for  this  land  4 cwts. 
bone  meal,  to  be  succeeded  6 months  later  by  an 
application  of  lime.  The  application  of  oil  cake 
to  such  land  he  would  regard  as  waste. 
C being  a poor  sandy  soil,  deficient  in  moisture, 
in  nitrogen,  in  potash,  and  not  very  <-ich  in 
phosphoric  acid,  he  recommended  for  this  soil 
thick  shade,  and  for  manure,  cattle  manure  2 
tons  ; fine  bone  meal  1 cwt.  ; good  fish  manure 
2 cwts. ; and  nitrate  of  potash  £ cwt.  per  acre. 
following 
analyses  to  illustrate  the  changes  produced  in 
soil  by  burning  the  same.  The  general  effect 
is  the  dissipation  of  the  organic  matter  with  the 
nitrogen,  and  the  increase  in  the  available  amount 
of  all  the  mineral  ingredients ; part  of  the  aug- 
mentation, however,  and  especially  in  the  case 
of  the  potash  is  attributed  to  the  ashes  of  the 
word  used  as  fuel. 
Analyses  of  Earth  before  and  after  being  burnt. 
A. 
B. 
Natural. 
Burnt 
* Organic  matter  and  combined 
water  ... 
7 572 
•623 
Oxides  of  iron  and  alumina 
10-369 
14-345 
Lime 
•253 
•499 
Magnesia 
•161 
•196 
Potash 
•070 
•389 
Soda 
•026 
•096 
Phosphoric  acid 
•159 
•289 
Sulphuric  acid 
•024 
•069 
Insoluble  Silicates  (Sand  Ac.)  .. 
81-367 
83-494 
100-000 
100-000 
* Containing  Nitrogen 
•180 
•005 
Fiji  Soil. 
The  following  analyses  of  a sample  of  soil  sent 
to  me  from  Fi  ji  in  the  year  1880  may  have  an 
interest  for  Ceylon  and  Indian  planters.  The  soil 
was  from  Gt.  Amalgam  Estate , where  coffee  leaf 
disease  first  made  its  appearance  in  Fiji.  The 
sample  was  taken  from  different  depths  and 
represents  the  composition  of  the  soil  from  the 
surface  to  a depth  of  three  feet: — 
Analysis  of  Soil  from  Great  Amalgam  Estate,  Fiji. 
Water  expelled  at  212°  F.  ...  ...  :F998 
“Organic  matter  and  combined  water  ...  12-848 
Soluble  in  standard  hydrochloric  acid 
Silica  ...  ...  ...  qqq 
Protoxide  of  iron  ...  ...  SS7 
Peroxide  of  iron  and  oxide  manganese  6-020 
Alumina  ...  ...  ...  1 1-090 
Lime  ...  ...  . -[99 
Magnesia  ...  ...  ...  -065 
Potash  ...  ...  ...  -Q96 
Soda  ...  ... 
Phosphoric  acid.-..  ...  ...  128 
Chlorine  ...  ...  ...  -{)26 
Carbonic  acid  ...  ...  Trace 
Insoluble  Silicates  ...  ...  64‘386 
100-000 
‘ Containing  Nitrogen 
•201 
