GRAMINA, 
53 
with a stalklike superior rudiment. Glumes 2, nearly equal, or the 
lower one a little longer than the upper, much longer than the florets, 
parchmentlike or membranous, keeled, very acute or mucronate, but 
not awned. Pales 2, unequal, the lower one conspicuously bearded 
at the base, keeled, truncate or denticulate at the apex, with a straight 
or bent dorsal or subapical awn ; upper pale smaller, with 2 small 
keels on the back. Lodicules 2, lanceolate. Stamens 3. Stigmas 
subsessile, plumose, protruded at the sides of the florets between the 
basal margins of the pales. Caryops glabrous, free, narrowly oblong 
and slightly dorsally compressed. 
The name of this genus of grasses is derived from KtiXafjoe, a reed, and aypwfTTic, 
SPECIES I— CALAMAGROSTIS EPIGEIOS. Both. 
Plate MDCCXXIIL 
Eeich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. I. Tab. LXXXIV. Fig. 154. 
Eillot, ri. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 687. 
Arando Epigeios, Lum-. Engl. Eot. ed. i. No. 4u3 ; and Engl. Fl. Vol. I. 
p. 169. 
Leaves broadly linear, firm, with numerous raised cartilaginous 
nearly equal rough ribs and very scabrous margins, dull green, slightly 
glaucous; sheaths slightly rough, the upper one longer than its leaf; 
ligule very long, lanceolate, laciniate. Panicle erect, oblong-lanceolate, 
or lanceolate-cylindrical, rather dense, closed and lobed, except at the 
moment of flowering, when it opens slightly; panicle-branches very 
rough. Spikelets crowded and subunilateral on the ultimate branches 
of the panicles. Glumes lanceolate-subulate, very scabrous on the 
keel, parchmentlike. Lower pale about half the length of the glumes, 
deeply bifid, with 2 long very acute lobes. Awn from about the 
middle of the back of the pale, straight or slightly curved, but not 
geniculate, rough, a little longer than the pale, but shorter than the 
oiumes. Hairs at the base of the floret about as long as the glumes 
and longer than the awn. Rudimentary floret absent. 
In bushy places, thickets, and open places in woods, on clay or 
damp sand. Local, but widely distributed, extending from Devon, 
the Isle of Wight, and Kent, to the Isle of Mull and the banks of the 
Dee in Aberdeenshire. Ytry rare in Ireland, where it is not now 
known to occur, except in the county of Derry, and in the great 
Island of Arran, Galway; it has been reported from County Cork. 
England, Scothmd, Ireland. Perennial. Late Summer, 
Autumn. 
