IMPLEMENTS FOB COLLECTING, AND THEIR USE. 
6 
is the best, though the full length leather or india-rubber cloth case answers very well. The 
box should contain a small kit of tools, such as mainspring- vice, nipple-wrench, screw-driver, 
etc. A stout hard-wood cleaning rod, with wormer, will be required. It is always safe to 
have parts of the gun-lock, especially mainspring, in duplicate. For muzzle-loaders extra 
nipples and extra ramrod heads and tips often come into use. For breech-loaders the appara- 
tus for charging the shells is so useful as to be practically indispensable, (h.) For ammuni- 
tion. Metal shells or paper cartridges may be carried loose in the large lower coat pocket, 
or in a leather satchel. There is said to be a chance of explosion by some unlucky blow, when 
they arc so carried, but I never knew of an instance. Another way is to fix them separately 
hi a row in snug loops of soft leather sewn continuously along a stout waist-belt ; or in several 
such horizontal rows on a square piece of thick leather, to be slung by a strap over the shoul- 
der. But better than anything else is a stout linen vest, similarly furnished with loops holding 
each a cartridge; this distributes the weight so perfectly, that the usual ^' forty rounds'' may 
be carried without feeling it. The appliances for loose ammunition are almost endlessly 
varied, so every one may consult his taste or convenience. But now that everybody uses the 
breech-loader, shot-pouches and powder-flasks are among the things that were, (c.) For 
specimens. You must always carry paper in which to wrap up your specimens, as more par- 
ticularly directed beyond. Nothing is better for this purpose than writing-paper ; rejected" 
or otherwise useless MSS. may thus be utilized. The ordinary game bag, with leather back 
and network front, answers very well ; but a light basket, fitting the body, such as is used 
by fishermen, is the best thing to carry specimens in. Avoid putting specimens into pockets, 
unless you have your coat-tail largely excavated : crowding them into a close pocket, where 
they press each other, and receive warmth from the person, will injure them. It is always 
well to take a little cotton into the field, to plug up shot-holes, mouth, nostrils, or vent, imme- 
diately, if required, {d.) For Yourself. The indications to be fulfilled in your clothing are 
these : Adaptability to the weather ; and since a shooting-coat is not conveniently changed, 
while an overcoat is ordinarily ineligible, the requirement is best met by different underclothes. 
Easy fit, allowing perfect freedom of muscular action, especially of the arms. Strength of 
fabric, to resist briers and stand wear ; velveteen and corduroy are excellent materials. Sub- 
dued color, to render you as inconspicuous as possible, and to show dirt the least. Multiplicity 
of pockets — a perfect shooting-coat is an ingenious system of hanging pouches about the 
person. Broad-soled, low-heeled boots or shoes, giving a firm tread even when wet. Close- 
fitting cap with prominent visor, or low soft felt hat, rather broad brimmed. Let india-rubber 
goods alone ; the field is no place for a sweat-bath. 
Qualifications for Success. — With the outfit just indicated you command all the required 
appliances that you can buy, and the rest lies with yourself. Success hangs upon your own 
exertions ; upon your energy, industry, and perseverance ; your knowledge and skill ; your 
zeal and enthusiasm, in collecting birds, much as in other affairs of life. But that your 
efforts — maiden attempts they must once have been if they be not such now — may be directed 
to best advantage, further instructions may not be unacceptable. 
To Carry a Gun without peril to human life or limb is the ah co^ its use. There's 
death in the pot." Such constant care is required to avoid accidents that no man can give it 
by continual voluntary efforts : safe carriage of the gun must become an unconscious habit, fixed 
as the movements of an automaton. The golden rule and whole secret is : the muzzle must 
never siveep the horizon ; accidental discharge should send the shot into the ground before your 
feet, or away up in the air. There are several safe and easy ways of holding a piece : they 
will be employed by turns to relieve particular muscles when fatigued. 1. Hold it in the 
hollow of the arm (preferably the left, as you can recover to aim in less time than from the 
